Merge pull request #90 from That-One-Nerd/v2.4

Released version 2.4.1.

.gitignore

@@ -1,16 +1,22 @@
-# Visual Studio stuff
-*.sln
-*.csproj
+# Useless Visual Studio stuff
+.vs/
 /Nerd_STF/.vs/
+/Nerd_STF/Nerd_STF.csproj.user
+*.sln
+
+# Build Stuff
 /Nerd_STF/obj
-/Nerd_STF/bin/Debug
-/Nerd_STF/bin/Release/net6.0/Nerd_STF.deps.json
-/Nerd_STF/bin/Release/net6.0/Nerd_STF.dll
-/Nerd_STF/bin/Release/net6.0/Nerd_STF.pdb
+/Nerd_STF/bin
+*.dll
+*.pdb
+
+# Testing project
+/Testing
 
 # Nuget
 /Nerd_STF/LICENSE
 *.nupkg
+*.snupkg
 
 # Personal
 /Nerd_STF/TODO.md

Changelog.md

@@ -1,14 +1,118 @@
-# Nerd_STF v2.1.2
+# Nerd_STF v2.4.1
 
-This update just replaces instances of `double` with `float` instead.
+Hey everyone! This is one of the larger small updates, and I'm pretty proud of what I got done in a week.
 
-I know, this isn't the update you wanted. More stuff coming soon.
+Along with adding setters to parts like `Float3.XY` and fixing a few bugs, almost all improvements in this update are related to matricies. First of all, I've added a bunch of new items to the `IMatrix` interface. Now, any deriving matrix has more requirements that fit the regular `Matrix` type. I don't know why one would use the `IMatrix` interface rather than a specific matrix type, but now the options are more sophisticated.
 
+I've added some new stuff to all the matrix types, including row operations. You can now scale a row, add a row to another, and swap two rows. If I become aware of any more commonly-used row operations, I'll add then in a `2.4.2` update. But I think I've got all the good ones. There is also a mutable version of each operation which, rather than returning a new matrix with changes made, instead applies the changes to itself.
+
+Did you know I made two seperate blunders in the `Cofactor()` method? For the `Matrix2x2` version of the `Cofactor()` method, I had the diagonal elements swapped. Whoops. For the `Matrix` version of the `Cofactor()` method, matricies with even column count would break because of the alternating sign pattern I was using. Now, as far as I know, that bug is fixed.
+
+The last thing I did was add the ability to turn a matrix into its equivalent row-echelon form. This is applicable only to the `Matrix` type (the dynamic one), and works with some levels of success. It's a little weird and tends to give results with lots of negative zeroes, but overall it's fine, I think. As far as I know there aren't any obvious bugs. We'll see though.
+
+Anyway, that's everything in this update. Again, pretty small, but meaningful nonetheless. Unless I haven't screwed anything up, the next update I work on will be `2.5`, so I'll see you then!
+
+Here's the full changelog:
 ```
 * Nerd_STF
-    = Replace all instances of `double` with `float`
     * Mathematics
-        = Renamed `Double2` to `Float2`
-        = Renamed `Double3` to `Float3`
-        = Renamed `Double4` to `Float4`
+        * Abstract
+            * IMatrix
+                + AddRow(int, int, float)
+                + AddRowMutable(int, int, float)
+                + Cofactor()
+                + GetColumn(int)
+                + GetRow(int)
+                + ScaleRow(int, float)
+                + ScaleRowMutable(int, float)
+                + SetColumn(int, float[])
+                + SetRow(int, float[])
+                + Size
+                + SwapRows(int, int)
+                + SwapRowsMutable(int, int)
+                + this[int, int]
+                + this[Index, Index]
+        * Algebra
+            * Matrix
+                + AddRow(int, int, float)
+                + AddRowMutable(int, int, float)
+                + ScaleRow(int, float)
+                + ScaleRowMutable(int, float)
+                + SwapRows(int, int)
+                + SwapRowsMutable(int, int)
+                = Fixed a blunder in `SignGrid(Int2)` with signs being incorrectly placed on matrixes with even column count.
+            * Matrix2x2
+                + AddRow(int, int, float)
+                + AddRowMutable(int, int, float)
+                + GetColumn(int)
+                + GetRow(int)
+                + ScaleRow(int, float)
+                + ScaleRowMutable(int, float)
+                + SetColumn(int, float[])
+                + SetRow(int, float[])
+                + Size
+                + SwapRows(int, int)
+                + SwapRowsMutable(int, int)
+                = Fixed a blunder in `Cofactor()` with the position of elements.
+            * Matrix3x3
+                + AddRow(int, int, float)
+                + AddRowMutable(int, int, float)
+                + GetColumn(int)
+                + GetRow(int)
+                + ScaleRow(int, float)
+                + ScaleRowMutable(int, float)
+                + SetColumn(int, float[])
+                + SetRow(int, float[])
+                + Size
+                + SwapRows(int, int)
+                + SwapRowsMutable(int, int)
+            * Matrix4x4
+                + AddRow(int, int, float)
+                + AddRowMutable(int, int, float)
+                + GetColumn(int)
+                + GetRow(int)
+                + ScaleRow(int, float)
+                + ScaleRowMutable(int, float)
+                + SetColumn(int, float[])
+                + SetRow(int, float[])
+                + Size
+                + SwapRows(int, int)
+                + SwapRowsMutable(int, int)
+        * NumberSystems
+            * Complex
+                + operator Complex(SystemComplex)
+                + operator SystemComplex(Complex)
+            * Quaternion
+                + operator Quaternion(SystemQuaternion)
+                + operator SystemQuaternion(Quaternion)
+        * Float3
+            = Added a setter to `XY`
+            = Added a setter to `XZ`
+            = Added a setter to `YZ`
+        * Float4
+            = Added a setter to `XW`
+            = Added a setter to `XY`
+            = Added a setter to `XZ`
+            = Added a setter to `YW`
+            = Added a setter to `YZ`
+            = Added a setter to `ZW`
+            = Added a setter to `XYW`
+            = Added a setter to `XYZ`
+            = Added a setter to `XZW`
+            = Added a setter to `YZW`
+        * Int3
+            = Added a setter to `XY`
+            = Added a setter to `XZ`
+            = Added a setter to `YZ`
+        * Int4
+            = Added a setter to `XW`
+            = Added a setter to `XY`
+            = Added a setter to `XZ`
+            = Added a setter to `YW`
+            = Added a setter to `YZ`
+            = Added a setter to `ZW`
+            = Added a setter to `XYW`
+            = Added a setter to `XYZ`
+            = Added a setter to `XZW`
+            = Added a setter to `YZW`
 ```

Nerd_STF/.editorconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+[*.cs]
+
+# CA1050: Declare types in namespaces
+dotnet_diagnostic.CA1050.severity = warning

Nerd_STF/Exceptions/BadMethodException.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
+
+[Serializable]
+public class BadMethodException : Nerd_STFException
+{
+    public MethodInfo? MethodInfo;
+
+    public BadMethodException() : base("The method or delegate provided is invalid for this operation.") { }
+    public BadMethodException(string message) : base(message) { }
+    public BadMethodException(Exception inner) : base("The method or delegate provided is invalid for this operation.", inner) { }
+    public BadMethodException(MethodInfo method) : this() => MethodInfo = method;
+    public BadMethodException(MethodInfo method, Exception inner) : this(inner) => MethodInfo = method;
+    public BadMethodException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { }
+    public BadMethodException(string message, MethodInfo method) : this(message) => MethodInfo = method;
+    public BadMethodException(string message, MethodInfo method, Exception inner) : this(message, inner) => MethodInfo = method;
+
+    protected BadMethodException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { }
+}

Nerd_STF/Exceptions/DifferingVertCountException.cs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-using System.Runtime.Serialization;
-
-namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
+namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
 
 [Serializable]
+[Obsolete("The Polygon struct is a garbage fire, and will be fixed in v2.4.0", false)]
 public class DifferingVertCountException : Nerd_STFException
 {
     public string? ParamName;

Nerd_STF/Exceptions/DisconnectedLinesException.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-using System.Runtime.Serialization;
-
-namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
+namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
 
 [Serializable]
 public class DisconnectedLinesException : Nerd_STFException

Nerd_STF/Exceptions/InvalidSizeException.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
+
+[Serializable]
+public class InvalidSizeException : Nerd_STFException
+{
+    public InvalidSizeException() : base("Argument size is invalid.") { }
+    public InvalidSizeException(string message) : base(message) { }
+    public InvalidSizeException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { }
+    protected InvalidSizeException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { }
+}

Nerd_STF/Exceptions/MathException.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
+
+[Serializable]
+public class MathException : Nerd_STFException
+{
+    public MathException() : base("A calculation error occured.") { }
+    public MathException(string message) : base(message) { }
+    public MathException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { }
+    protected MathException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { }
+}

Nerd_STF/Exceptions/Nerd_STFException.cs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-using System.Runtime.Serialization;
-
-namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
+namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
 
 [Serializable]
 public class Nerd_STFException : Exception
 {
-    public Nerd_STFException() { }
+    public Nerd_STFException() : base("An unknown error occured within Nerd_STF.") { }
+    public Nerd_STFException(Exception inner)
+        : base("An unknown error occured within Nerd_STF.", inner) { }
     public Nerd_STFException(string message) : base(message) { }
     public Nerd_STFException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { }
     protected Nerd_STFException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { }

Nerd_STF/Exceptions/NoInverseException.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
+
+[Serializable]
+public class NoInverseException : Nerd_STFException
+{
+    public Matrix? Matrix;
+
+    public NoInverseException() : base("This matrix does not have an inverse.") { }
+    public NoInverseException(string message) : base(message) { }
+    public NoInverseException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { }
+    public NoInverseException(Matrix? matrix) : this() => Matrix = matrix;
+    public NoInverseException(Matrix? matrix, string message) : this(message) => Matrix = matrix;
+    public NoInverseException(Matrix? matrix, string message, Exception inner) : this(message, inner) =>
+        Matrix = matrix;
+    protected NoInverseException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { }
+}

Nerd_STF/Exceptions/UndefinedException.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Exceptions;
+
+[Serializable]
+public class UndefinedException : MathException
+{
+    public UndefinedException() : this("A calculation has produced an undefined number.") { }
+    public UndefinedException(string message) : base(message) { }
+    public UndefinedException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { }
+    protected UndefinedException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { }
+}

Nerd_STF/Extensions/Container2DExtension.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Extensions;
+
+public static class Container2DExtension
+{
+    public static T[] Flatten<T>(this T[,] array, Int2? size = null)
+    {
+        size ??= GetSize(array);
+        T[] res = new T[size.Value.x * size.Value.y];
+        for (int x = 0; x < size.Value.x; x++) for (int y = 0; y < size.Value.y; y++)
+                res[x + y * size.Value.x] = array[y, x];
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static T[] GetColumn<T>(this T[,] array, int column, int length)
+    {
+        T[] res = new T[length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) res[i] = array[i, column];
+        return res;
+    }
+    public static T[] GetRow<T>(this T[,] array, int row, int length)
+    {
+        T[] res = new T[length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) res[i] = array[row, i];
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public static Int2 GetSize<T>(this T[,] array)
+    {
+        Int2 size = Int2.Zero;
+
+        try
+        {
+            while (true)
+            {
+                _ = array[size.x, 0];
+                size.x++;
+            }
+        }
+        catch (IndexOutOfRangeException) { }
+
+        try
+        {
+            while (true)
+            {
+                _ = array[0, size.y];
+                size.y++;
+            }
+        }
+        catch (IndexOutOfRangeException) { }
+
+        return size;
+    }
+
+    public static T[,] SwapDimensions<T>(this T[,] array, Int2? size = null)
+    {
+        size ??= GetSize(array);
+        T[,] vals = new T[size.Value.y, size.Value.x];
+        for (int x = 0; x < size.Value.y; x++) for (int y = 0; y < size.Value.x; y++) vals[x, y] = array[y, x];
+        return vals;
+    }
+}

Nerd_STF/Extensions/ConversionExtension.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Extensions;
+
+public static class ConversionExtension
+{
+    public static Fill<T> ToFill<T>(this T[] arr) => i => arr[i];
+    public static Fill<T> ToFill<T>(this T[,] arr, Int2? size) => arr.Flatten(size).ToFill();
+    public static Fill2d<T> ToFill2D<T>(this T[,] arr) => (x, y) => arr[x, y];
+}

Nerd_STF/Extensions/EquationExtension.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Extensions;
+
+public static class EquationExtension
+{
+    private static readonly List<Type> ValidNumberTypes = new()
+    {
+        typeof(byte),
+        typeof(sbyte),
+        typeof(short),
+        typeof(ushort),
+        typeof(int),
+        typeof(uint),
+        typeof(long),
+        typeof(ulong),
+        typeof(float),
+        typeof(double),
+        typeof(decimal)
+    };
+
+    public static Equation Absolute(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Absolute(equ(x));
+    public static Equation AbsoluteMod(this Equation equ, float mod) => x => Mathf.AbsoluteMod(equ(x), mod);
+
+    public static Equation ArcCos(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcCos(equ(x)).Radians;
+    public static Equation ArcCot(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcCot(equ(x)).Radians;
+    public static Equation ArcCsc(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcCsc(equ(x)).Radians;
+    public static Equation ArcSec(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcSec(equ(x)).Radians;
+    public static Equation ArcSin(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcSin(equ(x)).Radians;
+    public static Equation ArcTan(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcTan(equ(x)).Radians;
+
+    public static Equation ArcCosh(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcCosh(equ(x));
+    public static Equation ArcCoth(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcCoth(equ(x));
+    public static Equation ArcCsch(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcCsch(equ(x));
+    public static Equation ArcSech(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcSech(equ(x));
+    public static Equation ArcSinh(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcSinh(equ(x));
+    public static Equation ArcTanh(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.ArcTanh(equ(x));
+
+    public static float Average(this Equation equ, float min, float max, float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) =>
+        Mathf.Average(equ, min, max, step);
+    public static Equation Average(this Equation equ, Equation min, Equation max, float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) =>
+        x => Mathf.Average(equ, min(x), max(x), step);
+
+    public static Equation Binomial(this Equation equ, int total, float successRate) =>
+        x => Mathf.Binomial((int)equ(x), total, successRate);
+    public static Equation Binomial(this Equation equ, Equation total, Equation successRate) =>
+        x => Mathf.Binomial((int)equ(x), (int)total(x), successRate(x));
+
+    public static Equation Cbrt(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Cbrt(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Ceiling(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Ceiling(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Clamp(this Equation equ, float min, float max) => x => Mathf.Clamp(equ(x), min, max);
+    public static Equation Clamp(this Equation equ, Equation min, Equation max) =>
+        x => Mathf.Clamp(equ(x), min(x), max(x));
+
+    public static Equation Combinations(this Equation equ, int size) =>
+        x => Mathf.Combinations(size, (int)equ(x));
+    public static Equation Combinations(this Equation equ, Equation size) =>
+        x => Mathf.Combinations((int)size(x), (int)equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Cos(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Cos(equ(x));
+    public static Equation Cot(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Cot(equ(x));
+    public static Equation Csc(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Csc(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Cosh(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Cosh(equ(x));
+    public static Equation Coth(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Coth(equ(x));
+    public static Equation Csch(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Csch(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Divide(this Equation equ, params float[] dividends) =>
+        x => Mathf.Divide(equ(x), dividends);
+    public static Equation Divide(this Equation equ, params Equation[] dividends) => delegate (float x)
+    {
+        float[] dividendsAtValue = new float[dividends.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < dividends.Length; i++) dividendsAtValue[i] = dividends[i](x);
+        return Mathf.Divide(equ(x), dividendsAtValue);
+    };
+
+    public static Equation Factorial(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Factorial((int)equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Floor(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Floor(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation GetDerivative(this Equation equ, float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) =>
+        Calculus.GetDerivative(equ, step);
+    public static float GetDerivativeAtPoint(this Equation equ, float x, float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) =>
+        Calculus.GetDerivativeAtPoint(equ, x, step);
+
+    public static float GetIntegral(this Equation equ, float lowerBound, float upperBound,
+        float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) => Calculus.GetIntegral(equ, lowerBound, upperBound, step);
+
+    public static Equation GetDynamicIntegral(this Equation equ, Equation lowerBound,
+        Equation upperBound, float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) => Calculus.GetDynamicIntegral(equ, lowerBound, upperBound, step);
+
+    public static Equation GetTaylorSeries(this Equation equ, float referenceX, int iterations = 4, float step = 0.01f) =>
+        Calculus.GetTaylorSeries(equ, referenceX, iterations, step);
+
+    public static Dictionary<float, float> GetValues(this Equation equ, float min, float max,
+        float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) => Mathf.GetValues(equ, min, max, step);
+
+    public static float GradientDescent(this Equation equ, float initial, float rate, int iterations = 1000,
+        float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) => Calculus.GradientDescent(equ, initial, rate, iterations, step);
+
+    public static Equation InverseSqrt(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.InverseSqrt(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Log(this Equation equ, float @base) => x => Mathf.Log(@base, equ(x));
+
+    public static float Max(this Equation equ, float min, float max, float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) =>
+        Mathf.Max(equ, min, max, step);
+    public static float Min(this Equation equ, float min, float max, float step = Calculus.DefaultStep) =>
+        Mathf.Min(equ, min, max, step);
+
+    public static Equation Permutations(this Equation equ, int size) =>
+        x => Mathf.Permutations(size, (int)equ(x));
+    public static Equation Permutations(this Equation equ, Equation size) =>
+        x => Mathf.Permutations((int)size(x), (int)equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Power(this Equation equ, float pow) => x => Mathf.Power(equ(x), pow);
+    public static Equation Power(this Equation equ, Equation pow) => x => Mathf.Power(equ(x), pow(x));
+
+    public static Equation Product(this Equation equ, params float[] vals) => delegate (float x)
+    {
+        float[] valsAtValue = new float[vals.Length + 1];
+        valsAtValue[0] = equ(x);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) valsAtValue[i + 1] = vals[i];
+        return Mathf.Product(valsAtValue);
+    };
+    public static Equation Product(this Equation equ, params Equation[] vals) => delegate (float x)
+    {
+        float[] valsAtValue = new float[vals.Length + 1];
+        valsAtValue[0] = equ(x);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) valsAtValue[i + 1] = vals[i](x);
+        return Mathf.Product(valsAtValue);
+    };
+
+    public static Equation Root(this Equation equ, float index) => x => Mathf.Root(equ(x), index);
+    public static Equation Root(this Equation equ, Equation index) => x => Mathf.Root(equ(x), index(x));
+
+    public static Equation Round(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Round(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Sec(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Sec(equ(x));
+    public static Equation Sin(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Sin(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Sech(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Sech(equ(x));
+    public static Equation Sinh(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Sinh(equ(x));
+
+    public static float SolveBisection(this Equation equ, float initialA, float initialB, float tolerance = 1e-5f,
+        int maxIterations = 1000) =>
+        Mathf.SolveBisection(equ, initialA, initialB, tolerance, maxIterations);
+    public static float SolveEquation(this Equation equ, float initial, float tolerance = 1e-5f,
+        float step = Calculus.DefaultStep, int maxIterations = 1000) =>
+        Mathf.SolveEquation(equ, initial, tolerance, step, maxIterations);
+    public static float SolveNewton(this Equation equ, float initial, float tolerance = 1e-5f,
+        float step = Calculus.DefaultStep, int maxIterations = 1000) =>
+        Mathf.SolveNewton(equ, initial, tolerance, step, maxIterations);
+
+    public static Equation Sqrt(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Sqrt(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Subtract(this Equation equ, params float[] vals) =>
+        x => Mathf.Subtract(equ(x), vals);
+    public static Equation Subtract(this Equation equ, params Equation[] vals) => delegate (float x)
+    {
+        float[] valsAtValue = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) valsAtValue[i] = vals[i](x);
+        return Mathf.Subtract(equ(x), valsAtValue);
+    };
+
+    public static Equation Sum(this Equation equ, params float[] vals) => delegate (float x)
+    {
+        float[] valsAtValue = new float[vals.Length + 1];
+        valsAtValue[0] = equ(x);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) valsAtValue[i + 1] = vals[i];
+        return Mathf.Sum(valsAtValue);
+    };
+    public static Equation Sum(this Equation equ, params Equation[] vals) => delegate (float x)
+    {
+        float[] valsAtValue = new float[vals.Length + 1];
+        valsAtValue[0] = equ(x);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) valsAtValue[i + 1] = vals[i](x);
+        return Mathf.Sum(valsAtValue);
+    };
+
+    public static Equation Tan(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Tan(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation Tanh(this Equation equ) => x => Mathf.Tanh(equ(x));
+
+    public static Equation ZScore(this Equation equ, params float[] vals) => x => Mathf.ZScore(equ(x), vals);
+    public static Equation ZScore(this Equation equ, params Equation[] vals) => delegate (float x)
+    {
+        float[] valsAtValue = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) valsAtValue[i] = vals[i](x);
+        return Mathf.ZScore(equ(x), valsAtValue);
+    };
+
+    public static Equation ZScore(this Equation equ, float mean, float stdev) =>
+        x => Mathf.ZScore(equ(x), mean, stdev);
+    public static Equation ZScore(this Equation equ, Equation mean, Equation stdev) =>
+        x => Mathf.ZScore(equ(x), mean(x), stdev(x));
+
+    public static Equation InvokeMethod(this Equation equ, MethodInfo method, params object?[]? args)
+    {
+        // Determine if this method is a valid method. This exception will be thrown if this method
+        // shouldn't be invoked this way. Might be able to be handled a bit better, but it works.
+        Exception throwIfBad = new BadMethodException("This method cannot be invoked in the context of an " +
+            nameof(Equation), method);
+
+        // Basic method property check.
+        if (method.IsAbstract || method.IsConstructor || method.IsGenericMethod || !method.IsPublic)
+            throw throwIfBad;
+
+        // Check if a valid number of arguments is provided and the first one takes a number.
+        ParameterInfo[] paramTypes = method.GetParameters();
+        int requiredParams = 0;
+        while (requiredParams < paramTypes.Length && !paramTypes[requiredParams].IsOptional) requiredParams++;
+
+        args ??= Array.Empty<object>();
+        if (args.Length + 1 < requiredParams || args.Length > paramTypes.Length) throw throwIfBad;
+
+        if (paramTypes.Length < 1) throw throwIfBad;
+
+        if (!ValidNumberTypes.Contains(paramTypes[0].ParameterType)) throw throwIfBad;
+
+        // Check if the return type is also a number.
+        if (!ValidNumberTypes.Contains(method.ReturnType)) throw throwIfBad;
+
+        // This is a good method. Generate the arguments required using the equation and invoke it.
+        // The first item in this list will be the float value of the equation.
+        List<object?> invokeArgs = new() { 0 };
+        invokeArgs.AddRange(args);
+
+        return delegate (float x)
+        {
+            // Invoke the method (with some casting of course).
+            invokeArgs[0] = Convert.ChangeType(equ(x), method.ReturnType);
+            object? result = method.Invoke(null, invokeArgs.ToArray());
+
+            if (result is null) throw new UndefinedException($"Invoked method \"{method.Name}\" returned null " +
+                "for this input.");
+
+            return (float)Convert.ChangeType(result, typeof(float));
+        };
+    }
+    public static Equation InvokeMathMethod(this Equation equ, string name, params object?[]? args)
+    {
+        // Check a couple math classes to see if the method is found. If at least one is found,
+        // compare the parameters and return type to what is expected. If more than one perfect
+        // match exists, the first one will be selected.
+
+        args ??= Array.Empty<object>();
+        Type[] toCheck = { typeof(Mathf), typeof(Math) }; // This is the order methods should be searched in.
+
+        foreach (Type t in toCheck)
+        {
+            // Basic property and return checks.
+            List<MethodInfo> possibleMethods = (from m in t.GetMethods()
+                                                let basicCheck = !m.IsAbstract && !m.IsConstructor &&
+                                                                 !m.IsGenericMethod && m.IsPublic
+                                                let nameCheck = m.Name == name
+                                                let returnCheck = ValidNumberTypes.Contains(m.ReturnType)
+                                                where basicCheck && nameCheck && returnCheck
+                                                select m).ToList();
+
+            if (possibleMethods.Count < 1) continue;
+
+            foreach (MethodInfo m in possibleMethods)
+            {
+                // Check if a valid number of arguments is provided and the first one takes a number.
+                ParameterInfo[] paramTypes = m.GetParameters();
+                int requiredParams = 0;
+                while (requiredParams < paramTypes.Length && !paramTypes[requiredParams].IsOptional) requiredParams++;
+
+                args ??= Array.Empty<object>();
+                if (args.Length + 1 < requiredParams || args.Length > paramTypes.Length) continue;
+
+                if (paramTypes.Length < 1) continue;
+
+                if (!ValidNumberTypes.Contains(paramTypes[0].ParameterType)) continue;
+
+                // This is a good method. Generate the arguments required using the equation and invoke it.
+                // The first item in this list will be the float value of the equation.
+                List<object?> invokeArgs = new() { 0 };
+                invokeArgs.AddRange(args);
+
+                return delegate (float x)
+                {
+                    // Invoke the method (with some casting of course).
+                    invokeArgs[0] = Convert.ChangeType(equ(x), m.ReturnType);
+                    object? result = m.Invoke(null, invokeArgs.ToArray());
+
+                    if (result is null) throw new UndefinedException($"Invoked method \"{m.Name}\" returned " +
+                        "null for this input.");
+
+                    return (float)Convert.ChangeType(result, typeof(float));
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        throw new BadMethodException("No method that fits this criteria found in the math types.");
+    }
+
+    public static Equation Scale(this Equation equ, float value, ScaleType type = ScaleType.Both) => type switch
+    {
+        ScaleType.X => x => equ(x / value),
+        ScaleType.Y => x => value * equ(x),
+        ScaleType.Both => x => value * equ(x / value),
+        _ => throw new ArgumentException("Unknown scale type " + type)
+    };
+}

Nerd_STF/Extensions/StringExtension.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Extensions;
+
+public static class StringExtension
+{
+    public static string? GetSection(this string str, string prefix, bool includeFix = true, int startIndex = 0,
+        int? endIndex = null)
+    {
+        endIndex ??= str.Length;
+
+        int start = str.IndexOf(prefix, startIndex);
+        if (start == -1 || start > endIndex.Value) return null;
+
+        int end = str.IndexOf(prefix, start + prefix.Length);
+        if (end == -1) end = str.Length;
+        else if (end > endIndex.Value) end = endIndex.Value;
+
+        if (includeFix)
+        {
+            start += prefix.Length;
+            if (start > end) return null;
+        }
+
+        return str[start..end];
+    }
+    public static string? GetSection(this string str, string prefix, string suffix, bool includeFix = true,
+        int startIndex = 0, int? endIndex = null)
+    {
+        endIndex ??= str.Length;
+
+        int start = str.IndexOf(prefix, startIndex);
+        if (start == -1 || start > endIndex.Value) return null;
+
+        int end = str.IndexOf(suffix, start + prefix.Length);
+        if (end == -1) return null;
+        else if (end > endIndex.Value) end = endIndex.Value;
+
+        if (includeFix) start += prefix.Length;
+        else end += suffix.Length;
+
+        if (start > end) return null;
+
+        return str[start..end];
+    }
+
+    public static string[] GetSections(this string str, string prefix, bool includeFix = true, int startIndex = 0,
+        int? endIndex = null)
+    {
+        endIndex ??= str.Length;
+
+        List<string> sections = new();
+        for (int i = startIndex; i < endIndex && i < str.Length; )
+        {
+            int start = str.IndexOf(prefix, startIndex);
+            if (start == -1 || start > endIndex.Value) break;
+
+            int end = str.IndexOf(prefix, start + prefix.Length);
+            if (end == -1) end = str.Length;
+            else if (end > endIndex.Value) end = endIndex.Value;
+
+            if (includeFix)
+            {
+                start += prefix.Length;
+                if (start > end) break;
+            }
+
+            sections.Add(str[start..end]);
+            i = end;
+        }
+
+        return sections.ToArray();
+    }
+    public static string[] GetSections(this string str, string prefix, string suffix, bool includeFix = true, int startIndex = 0,
+        int? endIndex = null)
+    {
+        endIndex ??= str.Length;
+
+        List<string> sections = new();
+        for (int i = startIndex; i < endIndex && i < str.Length; )
+        {
+            endIndex ??= str.Length;
+
+            int start = str.IndexOf(prefix, i);
+            if (start == -1 || start > endIndex.Value) break;
+
+            int end = str.IndexOf(suffix, start + prefix.Length);
+            if (end == -1) break;
+            else if (end > endIndex.Value) end = endIndex.Value;
+
+            if (includeFix) start += prefix.Length;
+            else end += suffix.Length;
+
+            if (start > end) break;
+
+            i = end;
+
+            sections.Add(str[start..end]);
+        }
+
+        return sections.ToArray();
+    }
+}

Nerd_STF/Extensions/ToFillExtension.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Extensions;
+
+public static class ToFillExtension
+{
+    public static Fill<T> ToFill<T>(this IEnumerable<T> group) => i => group.ElementAt(i);
+}

Nerd_STF/FileType.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF;
+
+public enum FileType
+{
+    None = 0,
+    BMP,
+    HEIC,
+    JPEG,
+    MTL,
+    PNG,
+    TIFF,
+    WEBP,
+}

Nerd_STF/Fill2D.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF;
+
+public delegate T Fill2d<T>(int indexX, int indexY);

Nerd_STF/Graphics/Abstract/IColor.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IColor : IEquatable<IColor>
+{
+    public CMYKA ToCMYKA();
+    public HSVA ToHSVA();
+    public RGBA ToRGBA();
+
+    public CMYKAByte ToCMYKAByte();
+    public HSVAByte ToHSVAByte();
+    public RGBAByte ToRGBAByte();
+}
+public interface IColor<T> : IColor where T : IColor<T>
+{
+    public static abstract bool operator ==(T a, CMYKA b);
+    public static abstract bool operator !=(T a, CMYKA b);
+    public static abstract bool operator ==(T a, CMYKAByte b);
+    public static abstract bool operator !=(T a, CMYKAByte b);
+    public static abstract bool operator ==(T a, HSVA b);
+    public static abstract bool operator !=(T a, HSVA b);
+    public static abstract bool operator ==(T a, HSVAByte b);
+    public static abstract bool operator !=(T a, HSVAByte b);
+    public static abstract bool operator ==(T a, RGBA b);
+    public static abstract bool operator !=(T a, RGBA b);
+    public static abstract bool operator ==(T a, RGBAByte b);
+    public static abstract bool operator !=(T a, RGBAByte b);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/Abstract/IColorByte.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IColorByte : IColor, IGroup<byte>
+{
+    public int[] ToArrayInt();
+    public Fill<int> ToFillInt();
+    public List<int> ToListInt();
+}
+public interface IColorByte<T> : IColor<T>, IColorByte where T : struct, IColorByte<T> { }

Nerd_STF/Graphics/Abstract/IColorFloat.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IColorFloat : IColor, IGroup<float> { }
+public interface IColorFloat<T> : IColor<T>, IColorFloat where T : struct, IColorFloat<T> { }

Nerd_STF/Graphics/Abstract/IColorPresets.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IColorPresets<T> where T : IColorPresets<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Black { get; }
+    public static abstract T Blue { get; }
+    public static abstract T Clear { get; }
+    public static abstract T Cyan { get; }
+    public static abstract T Gray { get; }
+    public static abstract T Green { get; }
+    public static abstract T Magenta { get; }
+    public static abstract T Orange { get; }
+    public static abstract T Purple { get; }
+    public static abstract T Red { get; }
+    public static abstract T White { get; }
+    public static abstract T Yellow { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/CMYKA.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public record struct CMYKA : IAverage<CMYKA>, IClamp<CMYKA>, IColorFloat<CMYKA>, IColorPresets<CMYKA>,
+    IEquatable<CMYKA>, IIndexAll<float>, IIndexRangeAll<float>, ILerp<CMYKA, float>, IMedian<CMYKA>,
+    ISplittable<CMYKA, (float[] Cs, float[] Ms, float[] Ys, float[] Ks, float[] As)>
+{
+    public static CMYKA Black => new(0, 0, 0, 1);
+    public static CMYKA Blue => new(1, 1, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKA Clear => new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKA Cyan => new(1, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKA Gray => new(0, 0, 0, 0.5f);
+    public static CMYKA Green => new(1, 0, 1, 0);
+    public static CMYKA Magenta => new(0, 1, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKA Orange => new(0, 0.5f, 1, 0);
+    public static CMYKA Purple => new(0.5f, 1, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKA Red => new(0, 1, 1, 0);
+    public static CMYKA White => new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKA Yellow => new(0, 0, 1, 0);
+
+    public float C
+    {
+        get => p_c;
+        set => p_c = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float M
+    {
+        get => p_m;
+        set => p_m = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float Y
+    {
+        get => p_y;
+        set => p_y = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float K
+    {
+        get => p_k;
+        set => p_k = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float A
+    {
+        get => p_a;
+        set => p_a = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+
+    public bool HasCyan => p_c > 0;
+    public bool HasMagenta => p_m > 0;
+    public bool HasYellow => p_y > 0;
+    public bool HasBlack => p_k > 0;
+    public bool IsOpaque => p_a == 1;
+    public bool IsVisible => p_a != 0;
+
+    private float p_c, p_m, p_y, p_k, p_a;
+
+    public CMYKA() : this(0, 0, 0, 0, 1) { }
+    public CMYKA(float all) : this(all, all, all, all, all) { }
+    public CMYKA(float all, float a) : this(all, all, all, all, a) { }
+    public CMYKA(float c, float m, float y, float k) : this(c, m, y, k, 1) { }
+    public CMYKA(float c, float m, float y, float k, float a)
+    {
+        p_c = Mathf.Clamp(c, 0, 1);
+        p_m = Mathf.Clamp(m, 0, 1);
+        p_y = Mathf.Clamp(y, 0, 1);
+        p_k = Mathf.Clamp(k, 0, 1);
+        p_a = Mathf.Clamp(a, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public CMYKA(Fill<float> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3), fill(4)) { }
+
+    public float this[int index]
+    {
+        get => index switch
+        {
+            0 => C,
+            1 => M,
+            2 => Y,
+            3 => K,
+            4 => A,
+            _ => throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index)),
+        };
+        set
+        {
+            switch (index)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    C = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    M = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 2:
+                    Y = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 3:
+                    K = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 4:
+                    A = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default: throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public float this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 5 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 5 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public float[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 5 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 5 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<float> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 5 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 5 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static CMYKA Average(params CMYKA[] vals)
+    {
+        CMYKA val = new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) val += vals[i];
+
+        return val / vals.Length;
+    }
+    public static CMYKA Clamp(CMYKA val, CMYKA min, CMYKA max) =>
+        new(Mathf.Clamp(val.C, min.C, max.C),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.M, min.M, max.M),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.Y, min.Y, max.Y),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.K, min.K, max.K),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.A, min.A, max.A));
+    public static CMYKA Lerp(CMYKA a, CMYKA b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Mathf.Lerp(a.C, b.C, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.M, b.M, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.Y, b.Y, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.K, b.K, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.A, b.A, t, clamp));
+    public static CMYKA LerpSquared(CMYKA a, CMYKA b, float t, bool clamp = true)
+    {
+        CMYKA val = Lerp(a * a, b * b, t, clamp);
+        float C = Mathf.Sqrt(val.C), M = Mathf.Sqrt(val.M), Y = Mathf.Sqrt(val.Y), K = Mathf.Sqrt(val.K), A = Mathf.Sqrt(val.A);
+        return new(C, M, Y, K, A);
+    }
+    public static CMYKA Median(params CMYKA[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        CMYKA valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+
+    public static (float[] Cs, float[] Ms, float[] Ys, float[] Ks, float[] As) SplitArray(params CMYKA[] vals)
+    {
+        float[] Cs = new float[vals.Length], Ms = new float[vals.Length],
+                Ys = new float[vals.Length], Ks = new float[vals.Length],
+                As = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Cs[i] = vals[i].C;
+            Ms[i] = vals[i].M;
+            Ys[i] = vals[i].Y;
+            Ks[i] = vals[i].K;
+            As[i] = vals[i].A;
+        }
+        return (Cs, Ms, Ys, Ks, As);
+    }
+
+    public bool Equals(IColor? col) => col != null && Equals(col.ToCMYKA());
+    public bool Equals(CMYKA col) => A == 0 && col.A == 0 || K == 1 && col.K == 1 || C == col.C && M == col.M
+        && Y == col.Y && K == col.K && A == col.A;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+
+    public RGBA ToRGBA()
+    {
+        float kInv = 1 - K, r = 1 - C, g = 1 - M, b = 1 - Y;
+        return new(r * kInv, g * kInv, b * kInv, A);
+    }
+    public CMYKA ToCMYKA() => this;
+    public HSVA ToHSVA() => ToRGBA().ToHSVA();
+
+    public RGBAByte ToRGBAByte() => ToRGBA().ToRGBAByte();
+    public CMYKAByte ToCMYKAByte() => new(Mathf.RoundInt(C * 255), Mathf.RoundInt(M * 255), Mathf.RoundInt(Y * 255),
+        Mathf.RoundInt(K * 255), Mathf.RoundInt(A * 255));
+    public HSVAByte ToHSVAByte() => ToRGBA().ToHSVAByte();
+
+    public float[] ToArray() => new[] { C, M, Y, K, A };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill()
+    {
+        CMYKA @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
+    public List<float> ToList() => new() { C, M, Y, K, A };
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return C;
+        yield return M;
+        yield return Y;
+        yield return K;
+        yield return A;
+    }
+
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("C = ");
+        builder.Append(C);
+        builder.Append(", M = ");
+        builder.Append(M);
+        builder.Append(", Y = ");
+        builder.Append(Y);
+        builder.Append(", K = ");
+        builder.Append(K);
+        builder.Append(", A = ");
+        builder.Append(A);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static CMYKA operator +(CMYKA a, CMYKA b) => new(a.C + b.C, a.M + b.M, a.Y + b.Y, a.K + b.K, a.A + b.A);
+    public static CMYKA operator -(CMYKA c) => new(1 - c.C, 1 - c.M, 1 - c.Y, 1 - c.K, c.A != 1 ? 1 - c.A : 1);
+    public static CMYKA operator -(CMYKA a, CMYKA b) => new(a.C - b.C, a.M - b.M, a.Y - b.Y, a.K - b.K, a.A - b.A);
+    public static CMYKA operator *(CMYKA a, CMYKA b) => new(a.C * b.C, a.M * b.M, a.Y * b.Y, a.K * b.K, a.A * b.A);
+    public static CMYKA operator *(CMYKA a, float b) => new(a.C * b, a.M * b, a.Y * b, a.K * b, a.A * b);
+    public static CMYKA operator /(CMYKA a, CMYKA b) => new(a.C / b.C, a.M / b.M, a.Y / b.Y, a.K / b.K, a.A / b.A);
+    public static CMYKA operator /(CMYKA a, float b) => new(a.C / b, a.M / b, a.Y / b, a.K / b, a.A / b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKA a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKA a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKA a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKA a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKA a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKA a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKA a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKA a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKA a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKA a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+
+    public static explicit operator CMYKA(Float3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, 0);
+    public static implicit operator CMYKA(Float4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, val.w);
+    public static implicit operator CMYKA(HSVA val) => val.ToCMYKA();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKA(RGBA val) => val.ToCMYKA();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKA(CMYKAByte val) => val.ToCMYKA();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKA(HSVAByte val) => val.ToCMYKA();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKA(RGBAByte val) => val.ToCMYKA();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKA(Fill<float> val) => new(val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/CMYKAByte.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public record struct CMYKAByte : IAverage<CMYKAByte>, IClamp<CMYKAByte>, IColorByte<CMYKAByte>,
+    IColorPresets<CMYKAByte>, IEquatable<CMYKAByte>, IIndexAll<int>, IIndexRangeAll<int>,
+    ILerp<CMYKAByte, float>, IMedian<CMYKAByte>,
+    ISplittable<CMYKAByte, (byte[] Cs, byte[] Ms, byte[] Ys, byte[] Ks, byte[] As)>
+{
+    public static CMYKAByte Black => new(0, 0, 0, 255);
+    public static CMYKAByte Blue => new(255, 255, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte Clear => new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte Cyan => new(255, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte Gray => new(0, 0, 0, 127);
+    public static CMYKAByte Green => new(255, 0, 255, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte Magenta => new(0, 255, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte Orange => new(0, 127, 255, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte Purple => new(127, 255, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte Red => new(0, 255, 255, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte White => new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static CMYKAByte Yellow => new(0, 0, 255, 0);
+
+    public int C
+    {
+        get => p_c;
+        set => p_c = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int M
+    {
+        get => p_m;
+        set => p_m = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int Y
+    {
+        get => p_y;
+        set => p_y = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int K
+    {
+        get => p_k;
+        set => p_k = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int A
+    {
+        get => p_a;
+        set => p_a = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+
+    private byte p_c, p_m, p_y, p_k, p_a;
+
+    public bool HasCyan => C > 0;
+    public bool HasMagenta => M > 0;
+    public bool HasYellow => Y > 0;
+    public bool HasBlack => K > 0;
+    public bool IsOpaque => A == 255;
+    public bool IsVisible => A != 0;
+
+    public CMYKAByte() : this(0, 0, 0, 0, 255) { }
+    public CMYKAByte(int all) : this(all, all, all, all, all) { }
+    public CMYKAByte(int all, int a) : this(all, all, all, all, a) { }
+    public CMYKAByte(int c, int m, int y, int k) : this(c, m, y, k, 255) { }
+    public CMYKAByte(int c, int m, int y, int k, int a)
+    {
+        p_c = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(c, 0, 255);
+        p_m = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(m, 0, 255);
+        p_y = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(y, 0, 255);
+        p_k = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(k, 0, 255);
+        p_a = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(a, 0, 255);
+    }
+    public CMYKAByte(Fill<byte> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3), fill(4)) { }
+    public CMYKAByte(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3), fill(4)) { }
+
+    public int this[int index]
+    {
+        get => index switch
+        {
+            0 => C,
+            1 => M,
+            2 => Y,
+            3 => K,
+            4 => A,
+            _ => throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index)),
+        };
+        set
+        {
+            switch (index)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    C = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    M = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 2:
+                    Y = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 3:
+                    K = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 4:
+                    A = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default: throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public int this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 5 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 5 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public int[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 5 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 5 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<int> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 5 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 5 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static CMYKAByte Average(params CMYKAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        CMYKAByte val = new(0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) val += vals[i];
+        return val / vals.Length;
+    }
+    public static CMYKAByte Clamp(CMYKAByte val, CMYKAByte min, CMYKAByte max) =>
+        new(Mathf.Clamp(val.C, min.C, max.C),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.M, min.M, max.M),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.Y, min.Y, max.Y),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.K, min.K, max.K),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.A, min.A, max.A));
+    public static CMYKAByte Lerp(CMYKAByte a, CMYKAByte b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Mathf.Lerp(a.C, b.C, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.M, b.M, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.Y, b.Y, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.K, b.K, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.A, b.A, t, clamp));
+    public static CMYKAByte LerpSquared(CMYKAByte a, CMYKAByte b, float t, bool clamp = true) => CMYKA.LerpSquared(a.ToCMYKA(), b.ToCMYKA(), t, clamp).ToCMYKAByte();
+    public static CMYKAByte Median(params CMYKAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        CMYKAByte valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+
+    public static (byte[] Cs, byte[] Ms, byte[] Ys, byte[] Ks, byte[] As) SplitArray(params CMYKAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        byte[] Cs = new byte[vals.Length], Ms = new byte[vals.Length],
+               Ys = new byte[vals.Length], Ks = new byte[vals.Length],
+               As = new byte[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Cs[i] = vals[i].p_c;
+            Ms[i] = vals[i].p_m;
+            Ys[i] = vals[i].p_y;
+            Ks[i] = vals[i].p_k;
+            As[i] = vals[i].p_a;
+        }
+        return (Cs, Ms, Ys, Ks, As);
+    }
+    public static (int[] Cs, int[] Ms, int[] Ys, int[] Ks, int[] As) SplitArrayInt(params CMYKAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        int[] Cs = new int[vals.Length], Ms = new int[vals.Length],
+              Ys = new int[vals.Length], Ks = new int[vals.Length],
+              As = new int[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Cs[i] = vals[i].C;
+            Ms[i] = vals[i].M;
+            Ys[i] = vals[i].Y;
+            Ks[i] = vals[i].K;
+            As[i] = vals[i].A;
+        }
+        return (Cs, Ms, Ys, Ks, As);
+    }
+
+    public bool Equals(CMYKAByte col) => A == 0 && col.A == 0 || K == 1 && col.K == 255 || C == col.C && M == col.M
+       && Y == col.Y && K == col.K && A == col.A;
+    public bool Equals(IColor? col) => col != null && Equals(col.ToCMYKAByte());
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+
+    public RGBA ToRGBA() => ToCMYKA().ToRGBA();
+    public CMYKA ToCMYKA() => new(C / 255f, M / 255f, Y / 255f, K / 255f, A / 255f);
+    public HSVA ToHSVA() => ToCMYKA().ToHSVA();
+
+    public RGBAByte ToRGBAByte() => ToCMYKA().ToRGBAByte();
+    public CMYKAByte ToCMYKAByte() => this;
+    public HSVAByte ToHSVAByte() => ToCMYKA().ToHSVAByte();
+
+    public byte[] ToArray() => new[] { p_c, p_m, p_y, p_k, p_a };
+    public int[] ToArrayInt() => new[] { C, M, Y, K, A };
+    public Fill<byte> ToFill()
+    {
+        CMYKAByte @this = this;
+        return i => (byte)@this[i];
+    }
+    public Fill<int> ToFillInt()
+    {
+        CMYKAByte @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
+    public List<byte> ToList() => new() { p_c, p_m, p_y, p_k, p_a };
+    public List<int> ToListInt() => new() { C, M, Y, K, A };
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<byte> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return p_c;
+        yield return p_m;
+        yield return p_y;
+        yield return p_k;
+        yield return p_a;
+    }
+
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("C = ");
+        builder.Append(C);
+        builder.Append(", M = ");
+        builder.Append(M);
+        builder.Append(", Y = ");
+        builder.Append(Y);
+        builder.Append(", K = ");
+        builder.Append(K);
+        builder.Append(", A = ");
+        builder.Append(A);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static CMYKAByte operator +(CMYKAByte a, CMYKAByte b) =>
+        new(a.C + b.C, a.M + b.M, a.Y + b.Y, a.K + b.K, a.A + b.A);
+    public static CMYKAByte operator -(CMYKAByte c) =>
+        new(255 - c.C, 255 - c.M, 255 - c.Y, 255 - c.K, c.A != 255 ? 255 - c.A : 255);
+    public static CMYKAByte operator -(CMYKAByte a, CMYKAByte b) =>
+        new(a.C - b.C, a.M - b.M, a.Y - b.Y, a.K - b.K, a.A - b.A);
+    public static CMYKAByte operator *(CMYKAByte a, CMYKAByte b) =>
+        new(a.C * b.C, a.M * b.M, a.Y * b.Y, a.K * b.K, a.A * b.A);
+    public static CMYKAByte operator *(CMYKAByte a, int b) =>
+        new(a.C * b, a.M * b, a.Y * b, a.K * b, a.A * b);
+    public static CMYKAByte operator *(CMYKAByte a, float b) => (a.ToCMYKA() * b).ToCMYKAByte();
+    public static CMYKAByte operator /(CMYKAByte a, CMYKAByte b) =>
+        new(a.C / b.C, a.M / b.M, a.Y / b.Y, a.K / b.K, a.A / b.A);
+    public static CMYKAByte operator /(CMYKAByte a, int b) =>
+        new(a.C / b, a.M / b, a.Y / b, a.K / b, a.A / b);
+    public static CMYKAByte operator /(CMYKAByte a, float b) => (a.ToCMYKA() / b).ToCMYKAByte();
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKAByte a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKAByte a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKAByte a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKAByte a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKAByte a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKAByte a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKAByte a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKAByte a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(CMYKAByte a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(CMYKAByte a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+
+    public static explicit operator CMYKAByte(Int3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, 0);
+    public static implicit operator CMYKAByte(Int4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, val.w);
+    public static implicit operator CMYKAByte(HSVA val) => val.ToCMYKAByte();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKAByte(RGBA val) => val.ToCMYKAByte();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKAByte(CMYKA val) => val.ToCMYKAByte();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKAByte(HSVAByte val) => val.ToCMYKAByte();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKAByte(RGBAByte val) => val.ToCMYKAByte();
+    public static implicit operator CMYKAByte(Fill<byte> val) => new(val);
+    public static implicit operator CMYKAByte(Fill<int> val) => new(val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/ColorChannel.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public enum ColorChannel : byte
+{
+    Alpha,
+    Black,
+    Blue,
+    Cyan,
+    Green,
+    Hue,
+    Luminance,
+    Magenta,
+    Matte,
+    Red,
+    Saturation,
+    Yellow,
+    Value,
+    ZDepth
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/HSVA.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public record struct HSVA : IAverage<HSVA>, IClamp<HSVA>, IColorFloat<HSVA>, IColorPresets<HSVA>, IEquatable<HSVA>,
+    IIndexAll<float>, IIndexRangeAll<float>, ILerp<HSVA, float>, IMedian<HSVA>,
+    ISplittable<HSVA, (Angle[] Hs, float[] Ss, float[] Vs, float[] As)>
+{
+    public static HSVA Black => new(Angle.Zero, 0, 0);
+    public static HSVA Blue => new(new Angle(240), 1, 1);
+    public static HSVA Clear => new(Angle.Zero, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static HSVA Cyan => new(new Angle(180), 1, 1);
+    public static HSVA Gray => new(Angle.Zero, 0, 0.5f);
+    public static HSVA Green => new(new Angle(120), 1, 1);
+    public static HSVA Magenta => new(new Angle(300), 1, 1);
+    public static HSVA Orange => new(new Angle(30), 1, 1);
+    public static HSVA Purple => new(new Angle(270), 1, 1);
+    public static HSVA Red => new(Angle.Zero, 1, 1);
+    public static HSVA White => new(Angle.Zero, 0, 1);
+    public static HSVA Yellow => new(new Angle(60), 1, 1);
+
+    public Angle H
+    {
+        get => p_h;
+        set => p_h = value.Bounded;
+    }
+    public float S
+    {
+        get => p_s;
+        set => p_s = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float V
+    {
+        get => p_v;
+        set => p_v = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float A
+    {
+        get => p_a;
+        set => p_a = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+
+    private Angle p_h;
+    private float p_s, p_v, p_a;
+
+    public bool HasColor => p_s != 0 && p_v != 0;
+    public bool IsOpaque => p_a == 1;
+    public bool IsVisible => p_a != 0;
+
+    public HSVA() : this(Angle.Zero, 0, 0, 1) { }
+    public HSVA(Angle h, float s, float v) : this(h, s, v, 1) { }
+    public HSVA(Angle h, float s, float v, float a)
+    {
+        p_h = h.Bounded;
+        p_s = Mathf.Clamp(s, 0, 1);
+        p_v = Mathf.Clamp(v, 0, 1);
+        p_a = Mathf.Clamp(a, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public HSVA(Angle h, Fill<float> fill) : this(h, fill(0), fill(1), fill(2)) { }
+    public HSVA(Angle h, Fill<int> fill) : this(h, fill(0), fill(1), fill(2)) { }
+    public HSVA(float h, float s, float v) : this(new Angle(h, Angle.Type.Normalized), s, v) { }
+    public HSVA(float h, float s, float v, float a) : this(new Angle(h, Angle.Type.Normalized), s, v, a) { }
+    public HSVA(Fill<float> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+    public HSVA(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+
+    public float this[int index]
+    {
+        get => index switch
+        {
+            0 => H.Normalized,
+            1 => S,
+            2 => V,
+            3 => A,
+            _ => throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index)),
+        };
+        set
+        {
+            switch (index)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    H = new(value, Angle.Type.Normalized);
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    S = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 2:
+                    V = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 3:
+                    A = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default: throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public float this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public float[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<float> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static HSVA Average(params HSVA[] vals)
+    {
+        HSVA val = new(Angle.Zero, 0, 0, 0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) val += vals[i];
+        return val / vals.Length;
+    }
+    public static HSVA Clamp(HSVA val, HSVA min, HSVA max) =>
+        new(Angle.Clamp(val.H, min.H, max.H),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.S, min.S, max.S),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.V, min.V, max.V),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.A, min.A, max.A));
+    public static HSVA Lerp(HSVA a, HSVA b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Angle.Lerp(a.H, b.H, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.S, b.S, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.V, b.V, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.A, b.A, t, clamp));
+    public static HSVA Median(params HSVA[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        HSVA valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+
+    public static (Angle[] Hs, float[] Ss, float[] Vs, float[] As) SplitArray(params HSVA[] vals)
+    {
+        Angle[] Hs = new Angle[vals.Length];
+        float[] Ss = new float[vals.Length], Vs = new float[vals.Length],
+            As = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Hs[i] = vals[i].H;
+            Ss[i] = vals[i].S;
+            Vs[i] = vals[i].V;
+            As[i] = vals[i].A;
+        }
+        return (Hs, Ss, Vs, As);
+    }
+    public static (float[] Hs, float[] Ss, float[] Vs, float[] As) SplitArrayNormalized(params HSVA[] vals)
+    {
+        float[] Hs = new float[vals.Length], Ss = new float[vals.Length],
+            Vs = new float[vals.Length], As = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Hs[i] = vals[i].H.Normalized;
+            Ss[i] = vals[i].S;
+            Vs[i] = vals[i].V;
+            As[i] = vals[i].A;
+        }
+        return (Hs, Ss, Vs, As);
+    }
+
+    public bool Equals(IColor? col) => col != null && Equals(col.ToHSVA());
+    public bool Equals(HSVA col) => S == 0 && col.S == 0 || V == 0 && col.V == 0 || A == 0 && col.A == 0
+        || H == col.H && S == col.S && V == col.V && A == col.A;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+
+    public RGBA ToRGBA()
+    {
+        float d = H.Degrees, c = V * S, x = c * (1 - Mathf.Absolute(d / 60 % 2 - 1)), m = V - c;
+        (float r, float g, float b) vals = (0, 0, 0);
+        if (d < 60) vals = (c, x, 0);
+        else if (d < 120) vals = (x, c, 0);
+        else if (d < 180) vals = (0, c, x);
+        else if (d < 240) vals = (0, x, c);
+        else if (d < 300) vals = (x, 0, c);
+        else if (d < 360) vals = (c, 0, x);
+        return new(vals.r + m, vals.g + m, vals.b + m, A);
+    }
+    public CMYKA ToCMYKA() => ToRGBA().ToCMYKA();
+    public HSVA ToHSVA() => this;
+
+    public RGBAByte ToRGBAByte() => ToRGBA().ToRGBAByte();
+    public CMYKAByte ToCMYKAByte() => ToRGBA().ToCMYKAByte();
+    public HSVAByte ToHSVAByte() => new(Mathf.RoundInt(H.Normalized * 255), Mathf.RoundInt(S * 255),
+        Mathf.RoundInt(V * 255), Mathf.RoundInt(A * 255));
+
+    public float[] ToArray() => new[] { H.Normalized, S, V, A };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill()
+    {
+        HSVA @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
+    public List<float> ToList() => new() { H.Normalized, S, V, A };
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return H.Normalized;
+        yield return S;
+        yield return V;
+        yield return A;
+    }
+
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("H = ");
+        builder.Append(H);
+        builder.Append(", S = ");
+        builder.Append(S);
+        builder.Append(", V = ");
+        builder.Append(V);
+        builder.Append(", A = ");
+        builder.Append(A);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static HSVA operator +(HSVA a, HSVA b) => new(a.H + b.H, a.S + b.S, a.V + b.V, a.A + b.A);
+    public static HSVA operator -(HSVA c) => new(1 - c.H.Normalized, 1 - c.S, 1 - c.V, c.A != 1 ? 1 - c.A : 1);
+    public static HSVA operator -(HSVA a, HSVA b) => new(a.H - b.H, a.S - b.S, a.V - b.V, a.A - b.A);
+    public static HSVA operator *(HSVA a, float b) => new(a.H * b, a.S * b, a.V * b, a.A * b);
+    public static HSVA operator /(HSVA a, float b) => new(a.H / b, a.S / b, a.V / b, a.A / b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVA a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVA a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVA a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVA a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVA a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVA a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVA a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVA a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVA a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVA a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+
+    public static explicit operator HSVA(Float3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z);
+    public static explicit operator HSVA(Float4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, val.w);
+    public static implicit operator HSVA(CMYKA val) => val.ToHSVA();
+    public static implicit operator HSVA(RGBA val) => val.ToHSVA();
+    public static implicit operator HSVA(CMYKAByte val) => val.ToHSVA();
+    public static implicit operator HSVA(HSVAByte val) => val.ToHSVA();
+    public static implicit operator HSVA(RGBAByte val) => val.ToHSVA();
+    public static implicit operator HSVA(Fill<float> val) => new(val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/HSVAByte.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public record struct HSVAByte : IAverage<HSVAByte>, IClamp<HSVAByte>, IColorByte<HSVAByte>, IColorPresets<HSVAByte>,
+    IEquatable<HSVAByte>, IIndexAll<int>, IIndexRangeAll<int>, ILerp<HSVAByte, float>, IMedian<HSVAByte>,
+    ISplittable<HSVAByte, (byte[] Hs, byte[] Ss, byte[] Vs, byte[] As)>
+{
+    public static HSVAByte Black => new(Angle.Zero, 0, 0);
+    public static HSVAByte Blue => new(new Angle(240), 255, 255);
+    public static HSVAByte Clear => new(Angle.Zero, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static HSVAByte Cyan => new(new Angle(180), 255, 255);
+    public static HSVAByte Gray => new(Angle.Zero, 0, 127);
+    public static HSVAByte Green => new(new Angle(120), 255, 255);
+    public static HSVAByte Magenta => new(new Angle(300), 255, 255);
+    public static HSVAByte Orange => new(new Angle(30), 255, 255);
+    public static HSVAByte Purple => new(new Angle(270), 255, 255);
+    public static HSVAByte Red => new(Angle.Zero, 255, 255);
+    public static HSVAByte White => new(Angle.Zero, 0, 255);
+    public static HSVAByte Yellow => new(new Angle(60), 255, 255);
+
+    public int H
+    {
+        get => p_h;
+        set => p_h = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int S
+    {
+        get => p_s;
+        set => p_s = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int V
+    {
+        get => p_v;
+        set => p_v = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int A
+    {
+        get => p_a;
+        set => p_a = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+
+    private byte p_h, p_s, p_v, p_a;
+
+    public bool HasColor => S != 0 && V != 0;
+    public bool IsOpaque => A == 255;
+    public bool IsVisible => A == 0;
+
+    public HSVAByte() : this(0, 0, 0, 255) { }
+    public HSVAByte(int all) : this(all, all, all, all) { }
+    public HSVAByte(int all, int a) : this(all, all, all, a) { }
+    public HSVAByte(int h, int s, int v) : this(h, s, v, 255) { }
+    public HSVAByte(int h, int s, int v, int a)
+    {
+        p_h = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(h, 0, 255);
+        p_s = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(s, 0, 255);
+        p_v = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(v, 0, 255);
+        p_a = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(a, 0, 255);
+    }
+    public HSVAByte(Angle h, int s, int v) : this(h, s, v, 255) { }
+    public HSVAByte(Angle h, int s, int v, int a) : this(Mathf.RoundInt(h.Normalized * 255), s, v, a) { }
+    public HSVAByte(Fill<byte> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+    public HSVAByte(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+
+    public int this[int index]
+    {
+        get => index switch
+        {
+            0 => H,
+            1 => S,
+            2 => V,
+            3 => A,
+            _ => throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index)),
+        };
+        set
+        {
+            switch (index)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    H = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    S = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 2:
+                    V = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 3:
+                    A = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default: throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public int this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public int[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<int> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static HSVAByte Average(params HSVAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        HSVAByte val = new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) val += vals[i];
+        return val / vals.Length;
+    }
+    public static HSVAByte Clamp(HSVAByte val, HSVAByte min, HSVAByte max) =>
+        new(Mathf.Clamp(val.H, min.H, max.H),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.S, min.S, max.S),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.V, min.V, max.V),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.A, min.A, max.A));
+    public static HSVAByte Lerp(HSVAByte a, HSVAByte b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Mathf.Lerp(a.H, b.H, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.S, b.S, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.V, b.V, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.A, b.A, t, clamp));
+    public static HSVAByte Median(params HSVAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        HSVAByte valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+
+    public static (byte[] Hs, byte[] Ss, byte[] Vs, byte[] As) SplitArray(params HSVAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        byte[] Hs = new byte[vals.Length], Ss = new byte[vals.Length],
+                Vs = new byte[vals.Length], As = new byte[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Hs[i] = vals[i].p_h;
+            Ss[i] = vals[i].p_s;
+            Vs[i] = vals[i].p_v;
+            As[i] = vals[i].p_a;
+        }
+        return (Hs, Ss, Vs, As);
+    }
+    public static (int[] Hs, int[] Ss, int[] Vs, int[] As) SplitArrayInt(params HSVAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        int[] Hs = new int[vals.Length], Ss = new int[vals.Length],
+              Vs = new int[vals.Length], As = new int[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Hs[i] = vals[i].H;
+            Ss[i] = vals[i].S;
+            Vs[i] = vals[i].V;
+            As[i] = vals[i].A;
+        }
+        return (Hs, Ss, Vs, As);
+    }
+
+    public bool Equals(IColor? col) => col != null && Equals(col.ToHSVAByte());
+    public bool Equals(HSVAByte col) => S == 0 && col.S == 0 || V == 0 && col.V == 0 || A == 0 && col.A == 0
+        || H == col.H && S == col.S && V == col.V && A == col.A;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+
+    public RGBA ToRGBA() => ToHSVA().ToRGBA();
+    public CMYKA ToCMYKA() => ToHSVA().ToCMYKA();
+    public HSVA ToHSVA() => new(H / 255f, S / 255f, V / 255f, A / 255f);
+
+    public RGBAByte ToRGBAByte() => ToHSVA().ToRGBAByte();
+    public CMYKAByte ToCMYKAByte() => ToHSVA().ToCMYKAByte();
+    public HSVAByte ToHSVAByte() => this;
+
+    public byte[] ToArray() => new[] { p_h, p_s, p_v, p_a };
+    public int[] ToArrayInt() => new[] { H, S, V, A };
+    public Fill<byte> ToFill()
+    {
+        HSVAByte @this = this;
+        return i => (byte)@this[i];
+    }
+    public Fill<int> ToFillInt()
+    {
+        HSVAByte @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
+    public List<byte> ToList() => new() { p_h, p_s, p_v, p_a };
+    public List<int> ToListInt() => new() { H, S, V, A };
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<byte> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return p_h;
+        yield return p_s;
+        yield return p_v;
+        yield return p_a;
+    }
+
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("H = ");
+        builder.Append(H);
+        builder.Append(", S = ");
+        builder.Append(S);
+        builder.Append(", V = ");
+        builder.Append(V);
+        builder.Append(", A = ");
+        builder.Append(A);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static HSVAByte operator +(HSVAByte a, HSVAByte b) => new(a.H + b.H, a.S + b.S, a.V + b.V, a.A + b.A);
+    public static HSVAByte operator -(HSVAByte c) => new(255 - c.H, 255 - c.S, 255 - c.V, c.A != 255 ? 255 - c.A : 255);
+    public static HSVAByte operator -(HSVAByte a, HSVAByte b) => new(a.H - b.H, a.S - b.S, a.V - b.V, a.A - b.A);
+    public static HSVAByte operator *(HSVAByte a, HSVAByte b) => new(a.H * b.H, a.S * b.S, a.V * b.V, a.A * b.A);
+    public static HSVAByte operator *(HSVAByte a, int b) => new(a.H * b, a.S * b, a.V * b, a.A * b);
+    public static HSVAByte operator *(HSVAByte a, float b) => (a.ToHSVA() * b).ToHSVAByte();
+    public static HSVAByte operator /(HSVAByte a, HSVAByte b) => new(a.H / b.H, a.S / b.S, a.V / b.V, a.A / b.A);
+    public static HSVAByte operator /(HSVAByte a, int b) => new(a.H / b, a.S / b, a.V / b, a.A / b);
+    public static HSVAByte operator /(HSVAByte a, float b) => (a.ToHSVA() * b).ToHSVAByte();
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVAByte a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVAByte a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVAByte a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVAByte a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVAByte a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVAByte a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVAByte a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVAByte a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(HSVAByte a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(HSVAByte a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(Int3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z);
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(Int4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, val.w);
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(CMYKA val) => val.ToHSVAByte();
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(HSVA val) => val.ToHSVAByte();
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(RGBA val) => val.ToHSVAByte();
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(CMYKAByte val) => val.ToHSVAByte();
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(RGBAByte val) => val.ToHSVAByte();
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(Fill<byte> val) => new(val);
+    public static implicit operator HSVAByte(Fill<int> val) => new(val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/IlluminationFlags.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+[Flags]
+public enum IlluminationFlags : byte
+{
+    Color = 1,
+    Ambient = 2,
+    Highlight = 4,
+    Reflection = 8,
+    Raytrace = 16,
+    Fresnel = 32,
+    Refraction = 64,
+    Glass = 128,
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/IlluminationModel.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public enum IlluminationModel : ushort
+{
+    Mode0 = IlluminationFlags.Color,
+    Mode1 = IlluminationFlags.Color | IlluminationFlags.Ambient,
+    Mode2 = IlluminationFlags.Highlight,
+    Mode3 = IlluminationFlags.Reflection | IlluminationFlags.Raytrace,
+    Mode4 = IlluminationFlags.Glass | IlluminationFlags.Raytrace,
+    Mode5 = IlluminationFlags.Fresnel | IlluminationFlags.Raytrace,
+    Mode6 = IlluminationFlags.Refraction | IlluminationFlags.Raytrace,
+    Mode7 = IlluminationFlags.Refraction | IlluminationFlags.Fresnel | IlluminationFlags.Raytrace,
+    Mode8 = IlluminationFlags.Reflection,
+    Mode9 = IlluminationFlags.Glass,
+    Mode10 = 256,
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/Image.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public class Image : ICloneable, IEnumerable<IColor>, IEquatable<Image>
+{
+    public IColor[,] Pixels { get; private set; }
+    public Int2 Size { get; private set; }
+
+    public Image(int width, int height)
+    {
+        Pixels = new IColor[width, height];
+        Size = new(width, height);
+        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) Pixels[x, y] = RGBA.Clear;
+    }
+    public Image(int width, int height, IColor[] cols)
+    {
+        Pixels = new IColor[width, height];
+        Size = new(width, height);
+        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) Pixels[x, y] = cols[y * width + x];
+    }
+    public Image(int width, int height, IColor[,] cols)
+    {
+        Pixels = new IColor[width, height];
+        Size = new(width, height);
+        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) Pixels[x, y] = cols[y, x];
+    }
+    public Image(int width, int height, Fill<IColor> fill)
+    {
+        Pixels = new IColor[width, height];
+        Size = new(width, height);
+        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) Pixels[x, y] = fill(y * width + x);
+    }
+    public Image(int width, int height, Fill2d<IColor> fill)
+    {
+        Pixels = new IColor[width, height];
+        Size = new(width, height);
+        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) Pixels[x, y] = fill(y, x);
+    }
+    public Image(Int2 size) : this(size.x, size.y) { }
+    public Image(Int2 size, IColor[] cols) : this(size.x, size.y, cols) { }
+    public Image(Int2 size, IColor[,] cols) : this(size.x, size.y, cols) { }
+    public Image(Int2 size, Fill<IColor> fill) : this(size.x, size.y, fill) { }
+    public Image(Int2 size, Fill2d<IColor> fill) : this(size.x, size.y, fill) { }
+
+    public IColor this[int indexX, int indexY]
+    {
+        get => Pixels[indexX, indexY];
+        set => Pixels[indexX, indexY] = value;
+    }
+    public IColor this[Int2 index]
+    {
+        get => Pixels[index.x, index.y];
+        set => Pixels[index.x, index.y] = value;
+    }
+
+    public static Image FromSingleColor(int width, int height, IColor col) => new(width, height, (x, y) => col);
+    public static Image FromSingleColor(Int2 size, IColor col) => new(size, (x, y) => col);
+    public static Image FromSingleColor(IColor col) => new(1, 1, (x, y) => col);
+
+    public object Clone() => new Image(Size, Pixels);
+
+    public bool Equals(Image? other) => other is not null && Pixels == other.Pixels;
+    public override bool Equals([NotNullWhen(true)] object? obj)
+    {
+        if (obj == null) return base.Equals(obj);
+        if (obj.GetType() == typeof(Image)) return Equals((Image)obj);
+        return base.Equals(obj);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() => Pixels.GetHashCode();
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<IColor> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        for (int y = 0; y < Size.y; y++) for (int x = 0; x < Size.x; x++) yield return Pixels[x, y];
+    }
+
+    public void ModifyBrightness(float value, bool set = false)
+    {
+        for (int y = 0; y < Size.y; y++) for (int x = 0; x < Size.x; x++)
+            {
+                RGBA col = Pixels[x, y].ToRGBA();
+                col.R = (set ? 0 : col.R) + value;
+                col.G = (set ? 0 : col.G) + value;
+                col.B = (set ? 0 : col.B) + value;
+                Pixels[x, y] = col;
+            }
+    }
+    public void ModifyContrast(float value)
+    {
+        float factor = 259 * (255 + value) / (255 * (259 - value));
+        for (int y = 0; y < Size.y; y++) for (int x = 0; x < Size.x; x++)
+            {
+                RGBA col = Pixels[x, y].ToRGBA();
+                col.R = factor * (col.R - 0.5f) + 0.5f;
+                col.G = factor * (col.G - 0.5f) + 0.5f;
+                col.B = factor * (col.B - 0.5f) + 0.5f;
+                Pixels[x, y] = col;
+            }
+    }
+    public void ModifyHue(Angle value, bool set = false)
+    {
+        for (int y = 0; y < Size.y; y++) for (int x = 0; x < Size.x; x++)
+            {
+                HSVA col = Pixels[x, y].ToHSVA();
+                col.H = (set ? Angle.Zero : col.H) + value;
+                Pixels[x, y] = col;
+            }
+    }
+    public void ModifySaturation(float value, bool set = false)
+    {
+        for (int y = 0; y < Size.y; y++) for (int x = 0; x < Size.x; x++)
+            {
+                HSVA col = Pixels[x, y].ToHSVA();
+                col.S = (set ? 1 : col.S) * value;
+                Pixels[x, y] = col;
+            }
+    }
+
+    public void Paint(Int2 min, Int2 max, IColor col)
+    {
+        for (int y = min.y; y <= max.y; y++) for (int x = min.x; x <= max.x; x++) Pixels[x, y] = col;
+    }
+
+    public void Resize(Int2 resolution) => Scale(resolution / (Float2)Size);
+
+    public void Scale(float factor) => Scale(Float2.One * factor);
+    public void Scale(Float2 factor)
+    {
+        Int2 newSize = (Int2)(Size * factor);
+        Image img = new(newSize);
+        for (int y = 0; y < newSize.y; y++) for (int x = 0; x < newSize.x; x++)
+            {
+                Float2 f = new((float)x / newSize.x, (float)y / newSize.y);
+                RGBA col = Pixels[Mathf.Floor(f.x * Size.x), Mathf.Floor(f.y * Size.y)].ToRGBA();
+                img[x, y] = col;
+            }
+        Pixels = img.Pixels;
+        Size = img.Size;
+    }
+
+    public IColor[] ToArray()
+    {
+        IColor[] vals = new IColor[Pixels.Length];
+        for (int y = 0; y < Size.y; y++) for (int x = 0; x < Size.x; x++) vals[y * Size.x + x] = Pixels[x, y];
+        return vals;
+    }
+
+    public static bool operator ==(Image a, Image b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(Image a, Image b) => !a.Equals(b);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/Material.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+using Nerd_STF.Graphics.Abstract;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public struct Material : ICloneable, IEquatable<Material>
+{
+    public float Alpha;
+    public float Anisotropy;
+    public float AnisotropyRoughness;
+    public IColorFloat AmbientColor;
+    public float ClearcoatRoughness;
+    public float ClearcoatThickness;
+    public IColorFloat DiffuseColor;
+    public IColorFloat Emissive;
+    public IlluminationModel IllumModel;
+    public float Metallic;
+    public float OpticalDensity;
+    public float Roughness;
+    public float Sheen;
+    public IColorFloat SpecularColor;
+    public float SpecularExponent;
+
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) AlphaTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) AmbientTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) DiffuseTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) DisplacementTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) EmissiveTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) MetallicTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) NormalTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) RoughnessTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) SheenTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) SpecularTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) SpecularHighlightTexture;
+    public (Image Image, TextureConfig Config) StencilTexture;
+
+    public Material()
+    {
+        Alpha = 1;
+        Anisotropy = 0;
+        AnisotropyRoughness = 0;
+        AmbientColor = RGBA.White;
+        ClearcoatRoughness = 0;
+        ClearcoatThickness = 0;
+        DiffuseColor = RGBA.White;
+        Emissive = RGBA.Clear;
+        IllumModel = IlluminationModel.Mode0;
+        Metallic = 0;
+        OpticalDensity = 1.45f;
+        Roughness = 1;
+        Sheen = 0;
+        SpecularColor = RGBA.White;
+        SpecularExponent = 10;
+
+        AlphaTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.White), new());
+        AmbientTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.White), new());
+        DiffuseTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.White), new());
+        DisplacementTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.White), new());
+        EmissiveTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.Clear), new());
+        MetallicTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.Black), new());
+        NormalTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(new RGBA(0.5f, 0.5f, 1)), new());
+        RoughnessTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.White), new());
+        SheenTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.Black), new());
+        SpecularTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.White), new());
+        SpecularHighlightTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.White), new());
+        StencilTexture = (Image.FromSingleColor(RGBA.White), new());
+    }
+    public Material(Fill<object> fill)
+    {
+        Alpha = (float)fill(0);
+        Anisotropy = (float)fill(1);
+        AnisotropyRoughness = (float)fill(2);
+        AmbientColor = (IColorFloat)fill(3);
+        ClearcoatRoughness = (float)fill(4);
+        ClearcoatThickness = (float)fill(5);
+        DiffuseColor = (IColorFloat)fill(6);
+        Emissive = (IColorFloat)fill(7);
+        IllumModel = (IlluminationModel)fill(8);
+        Metallic = (float)fill(9);
+        OpticalDensity = (float)fill(10);
+        Roughness = (float)fill(11);
+        Sheen = (float)fill(12);
+        SpecularColor = (IColorFloat)fill(13);
+        SpecularExponent = (float)fill(14);
+
+        AlphaTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(15);
+        AmbientTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(16);
+        DiffuseTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(17);
+        DisplacementTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(18);
+        EmissiveTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(19);
+        MetallicTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(20);
+        NormalTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(21);
+        RoughnessTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(22);
+        SheenTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(23);
+        SpecularTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(24);
+        SpecularHighlightTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(25);
+        StencilTexture = ((Image, TextureConfig))fill(26);
+    }
+    public Material(IlluminationModel illum, Fill<float> floats, Fill<IColorFloat> colors, Fill<(Image, TextureConfig)> images)
+    {
+        Alpha = floats(0);
+        Anisotropy = floats(1);
+        AnisotropyRoughness = floats(2);
+        AmbientColor = colors(0);
+        ClearcoatRoughness = floats(3);
+        ClearcoatThickness = floats(4);
+        DiffuseColor = colors(1);
+        Emissive = colors(2);
+        IllumModel = illum;
+        Metallic = floats(5);
+        OpticalDensity = floats(6);
+        Roughness = floats(7);
+        Sheen = floats(8);
+        SpecularColor = colors(3);
+        SpecularExponent = floats(9);
+
+        AlphaTexture = images(0);
+        AmbientTexture = images(1);
+        DiffuseTexture = images(2);
+        DisplacementTexture = images(3);
+        EmissiveTexture = images(4);
+        MetallicTexture = images(5);
+        NormalTexture = images(6);
+        RoughnessTexture = images(7);
+        SheenTexture = images(8);
+        SpecularTexture = images(9);
+        SpecularHighlightTexture = images(10);
+        StencilTexture = images(11);
+    }
+
+    public object Clone() => new Material()
+    {
+        Alpha = Alpha,
+        AmbientColor = AmbientColor,
+        Anisotropy = Anisotropy,
+        AnisotropyRoughness = AnisotropyRoughness,
+        ClearcoatRoughness = ClearcoatRoughness,
+        ClearcoatThickness = ClearcoatThickness,
+        DiffuseColor = DiffuseColor,
+        Emissive = Emissive,
+        IllumModel = IllumModel,
+        Metallic = Metallic,
+        OpticalDensity = OpticalDensity,
+        Roughness = Roughness,
+        Sheen = Sheen,
+        SpecularColor = SpecularColor,
+        SpecularExponent = SpecularExponent,
+
+        AlphaTexture = AlphaTexture,
+        AmbientTexture = AmbientTexture,
+        DiffuseTexture = DiffuseTexture,
+        DisplacementTexture = DisplacementTexture,
+        EmissiveTexture = EmissiveTexture,
+        MetallicTexture = MetallicTexture,
+        NormalTexture = NormalTexture,
+        RoughnessTexture = RoughnessTexture,
+        SheenTexture = SheenTexture,
+        SpecularTexture = SpecularTexture,
+        SpecularHighlightTexture = SpecularHighlightTexture,
+        StencilTexture = StencilTexture
+    };
+    public bool Equals(Material other) => Alpha.Equals(other.Alpha) && AmbientColor.Equals(other.AmbientColor) &&
+        Anisotropy.Equals(other.Anisotropy) && AnisotropyRoughness.Equals(other.AnisotropyRoughness) &&
+        ClearcoatRoughness.Equals(other.ClearcoatRoughness) && ClearcoatThickness.Equals(other.ClearcoatThickness) &&
+        DiffuseColor.Equals(other.DiffuseColor) && Emissive.Equals(other.Emissive) &&
+        IllumModel.Equals(other.IllumModel) && Metallic.Equals(other.Metallic) &&
+        OpticalDensity.Equals(other.OpticalDensity) && Roughness.Equals(other.Roughness) && Sheen.Equals(other.Sheen) &&
+        SpecularColor.Equals(other.SpecularColor) && SpecularExponent.Equals(other.SpecularExponent) &&
+        AlphaTexture.Equals(other.AlphaTexture) && AmbientTexture.Equals(other.AmbientTexture) &&
+        DiffuseTexture.Equals(other.DiffuseTexture) && DisplacementTexture.Equals(other.DisplacementTexture) &&
+        EmissiveTexture.Equals(other.EmissiveTexture) && MetallicTexture.Equals(other.MetallicTexture) &&
+        NormalTexture.Equals(other.NormalTexture) && RoughnessTexture.Equals(other.RoughnessTexture) &&
+        SheenTexture.Equals(other.SheenTexture) && SpecularTexture.Equals(other.SheenTexture) &&
+        SpecularHighlightTexture.Equals(other.SpecularHighlightTexture) && StencilTexture.Equals(other.StencilTexture);
+    public override bool Equals([NotNullWhen(true)] object? obj)
+    {
+        if (obj == null || obj.GetType() != typeof(Material)) return base.Equals(obj);
+        return Equals((Material)obj);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() => Alpha.GetHashCode() ^ AmbientColor.GetHashCode() ^ Anisotropy.GetHashCode() ^
+        AnisotropyRoughness.GetHashCode() ^ ClearcoatRoughness.GetHashCode() ^ ClearcoatThickness.GetHashCode() ^
+        DiffuseColor.GetHashCode() ^ Emissive.GetHashCode() ^ IllumModel.GetHashCode() ^ Metallic.GetHashCode() ^
+        OpticalDensity.GetHashCode() ^ Roughness.GetHashCode() ^ Sheen.GetHashCode() ^ SpecularColor.GetHashCode() ^
+        SpecularExponent.GetHashCode() ^ AlphaTexture.GetHashCode() ^ AmbientTexture.GetHashCode() ^
+        DiffuseTexture.GetHashCode() ^ DisplacementTexture.GetHashCode() ^ Emissive.GetHashCode() ^
+        Metallic.GetHashCode() ^ NormalTexture.GetHashCode() ^ RoughnessTexture.GetHashCode() ^
+        SheenTexture.GetHashCode() ^ SpecularTexture.GetHashCode() ^ SpecularHighlightTexture.GetHashCode() ^
+        StencilTexture.GetHashCode();
+
+    public static bool operator ==(Material a, Material b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(Material a, Material b) => !a.Equals(b);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/RGBA.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,254 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public record struct RGBA : IAverage<RGBA>, IClamp<RGBA>, IColorFloat<RGBA>, IEquatable<RGBA>, IIndexAll<float>,
+    IIndexRangeAll<float>, ILerp<RGBA, float>, IMedian<RGBA>,
+    ISplittable<RGBA, (float[] Rs, float[] Gs, float[] Bs, float[] As)>
+{
+    public static RGBA Black => new(0, 0, 0);
+    public static RGBA Blue => new(0, 0, 1);
+    public static RGBA Clear => new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static RGBA Cyan => new(0, 1, 1);
+    public static RGBA Gray => new(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f);
+    public static RGBA Green => new(0, 1, 0);
+    public static RGBA Magenta => new(1, 0, 1);
+    public static RGBA Orange => new(1, 0.5f, 0);
+    public static RGBA Purple => new(0.5f, 0, 1);
+    public static RGBA Red => new(1, 0, 0);
+    public static RGBA White => new(1, 1, 1);
+    public static RGBA Yellow => new(1, 1, 0);
+
+    public float R
+    {
+        get => p_r;
+        set => p_r = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float G
+    {
+        get => p_g;
+        set => p_g = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float B
+    {
+        get => p_b;
+        set => p_b = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public float A
+    {
+        get => p_a;
+        set => p_a = Mathf.Clamp(value, 0, 1);
+    }
+
+    public bool HasBlue => p_b > 0;
+    public bool HasGreen => p_g > 0;
+    public bool HasRed => p_r > 0;
+    public bool IsOpaque => p_a == 1;
+    public bool IsVisible => p_a != 0;
+
+    private float p_r, p_g, p_b, p_a;
+
+    public RGBA() : this(0, 0, 0, 1) { }
+    public RGBA(float all) : this(all, all, all, all) { }
+    public RGBA(float all, float a) : this(all, all, all, a) { }
+    public RGBA(float r, float g, float b) : this(r, g, b, 1) { }
+    public RGBA(float r, float g, float b, float a)
+    {
+        p_r = Mathf.Clamp(r, 0, 1);
+        p_g = Mathf.Clamp(g, 0, 1);
+        p_b = Mathf.Clamp(b, 0, 1);
+        p_a = Mathf.Clamp(a, 0, 1);
+    }
+    public RGBA(Fill<float> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+
+    public float this[int index]
+    {
+        get => index switch
+        {
+            0 => R,
+            1 => G,
+            2 => B,
+            3 => A,
+            _ => throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index)),
+        };
+        set
+        {
+            switch (index)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    R = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    G = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 2:
+                    B = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 3:
+                    A = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default: throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public float this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public float[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<float> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static RGBA Average(params RGBA[] vals)
+    {
+        RGBA val = new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) val += vals[i];
+        return val / vals.Length;
+    }
+    public static RGBA Clamp(RGBA val, RGBA min, RGBA max) =>
+        new(Mathf.Clamp(val.R, min.R, max.R),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.G, min.G, max.G),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.B, min.B, max.B),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.A, min.A, max.A));
+    public static RGBA Lerp(RGBA a, RGBA b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Mathf.Lerp(a.R, b.R, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.G, b.G, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.B, b.B, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.A, b.A, t, clamp));
+    public static RGBA LerpSquared(RGBA a, RGBA b, float t, bool clamp = true)
+    {
+        RGBA val = Lerp(a * a, b * b, t, clamp);
+        float R = Mathf.Sqrt(val.R), G = Mathf.Sqrt(val.G), B = Mathf.Sqrt(val.B), A = Mathf.Sqrt(val.A);
+        return new(R, G, B, A);
+    }
+    public static RGBA Median(params RGBA[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        RGBA valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+
+    public static (float[] Rs, float[] Gs, float[] Bs, float[] As) SplitArray(params RGBA[] vals)
+    {
+        float[] Rs = new float[vals.Length], Gs = new float[vals.Length],
+                Bs = new float[vals.Length], As = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Rs[i] = vals[i].R;
+            Gs[i] = vals[i].G;
+            Bs[i] = vals[i].B;
+            As[i] = vals[i].A;
+        }
+        return (Rs, Gs, Bs, As);
+    }
+
+    public bool Equals(IColor? col) => col != null && Equals(col.ToRGBA());
+    public bool Equals(RGBA col) => A == 0 && col.A == 0 || R == col.R && G == col.G && B == col.B && A == col.A;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+
+    public RGBA ToRGBA() => this;
+    public CMYKA ToCMYKA()
+    {
+        float v = Mathf.Max(R, G, B), k = 1 - v;
+        if (v == 1) return new(0, 0, 0, 1, A);
+
+        float kInv = 1 / v, c = 1 - R - k, m = 1 - G - k, y = 1 - B - k;
+        return new(c * kInv, m * kInv, y * kInv, k, A);
+    }
+    public HSVA ToHSVA()
+    {
+        float cMax = Mathf.Max(R, G, B), cMin = Mathf.Min(R, G, B), delta = cMax - cMin;
+        Angle hue = Angle.Zero;
+        if (delta != 0)
+        {
+            float val = 0;
+            if (cMax == R) val = (G - B) / delta % 6;
+            else if (cMax == G) val = (B - R) / delta + 2;
+            else if (cMax == B) val = (R - G) / delta + 4;
+            hue = new(val * 60);
+        }
+
+        float sat = cMax == 0 ? 0 : delta / cMax;
+
+        return new(hue, sat, cMax, A);
+    }
+
+    public RGBAByte ToRGBAByte() => new(Mathf.RoundInt(R * 255), Mathf.RoundInt(G * 255), Mathf.RoundInt(B * 255),
+        Mathf.RoundInt(A * 255));
+    public CMYKAByte ToCMYKAByte() => ToCMYKA().ToCMYKAByte();
+    public HSVAByte ToHSVAByte() => ToHSVA().ToHSVAByte();
+
+    public float[] ToArray() => new[] { R, G, B, A };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill()
+    {
+        RGBA @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
+    public List<float> ToList() => new() { R, G, B, A };
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return R;
+        yield return G;
+        yield return B;
+        yield return A;
+    }
+
+    public Vector3d ToVector() => ((Float3)this).ToVector();
+
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("R = ");
+        builder.Append(R);
+        builder.Append(", G = ");
+        builder.Append(G);
+        builder.Append(", B = ");
+        builder.Append(B);
+        builder.Append(", A = ");
+        builder.Append(A);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static RGBA operator +(RGBA a, RGBA b) => new(a.R + b.R, a.G + b.G, a.B + b.B, a.A + b.A);
+    public static RGBA operator -(RGBA c) => new(1 - c.R, 1 - c.G, 1 - c.B, c.A != 1 ? 1 - c.A : 1);
+    public static RGBA operator -(RGBA a, RGBA b) => new(a.R - b.R, a.G - b.G, a.B - b.B, a.A - b.A);
+    public static RGBA operator *(RGBA a, RGBA b) => new(a.R * b.R, a.G * b.G, a.B * b.B, a.A * b.A);
+    public static RGBA operator *(RGBA a, float b) => new(a.R * b, a.G * b, a.B * b, a.A * b);
+    public static RGBA operator /(RGBA a, RGBA b) => new(a.R / b.R, a.G / b.G, a.B / b.B, a.A / b.A);
+    public static RGBA operator /(RGBA a, float b) => new(a.R / b, a.G / b, a.B / b, a.A / b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBA a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBA a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBA a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBA a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBA a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBA a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBA a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBA a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBA a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBA a, RGBAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+
+    public static implicit operator RGBA(Float3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z);
+    public static implicit operator RGBA(Float4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, val.w);
+    public static implicit operator RGBA(CMYKA val) => val.ToRGBA();
+    public static implicit operator RGBA(HSVA val) => val.ToRGBA();
+    public static implicit operator RGBA(CMYKAByte val) => val.ToRGBA();
+    public static implicit operator RGBA(HSVAByte val) => val.ToRGBA();
+    public static implicit operator RGBA(RGBAByte val) => val.ToRGBA();
+    public static implicit operator RGBA(Fill<float> val) => new(val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/RGBAByte.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public record struct RGBAByte : IAverage<RGBAByte>, IClamp<RGBAByte>, IColorByte<RGBAByte>, IColorPresets<RGBAByte>,
+    IEquatable<RGBAByte>, IIndexAll<int>, IIndexRangeAll<int>, ILerp<RGBAByte, float>, IMedian<RGBAByte>,
+    ISplittable<RGBAByte, (byte[] Rs, byte[] Gs, byte[] Bs, byte[] As)>
+{
+    public static RGBAByte Black => new(0, 0, 0);
+    public static RGBAByte Blue => new(0, 0, 255);
+    public static RGBAByte Clear => new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static RGBAByte Cyan => new(0, 255, 255);
+    public static RGBAByte Gray => new(127, 127, 127);
+    public static RGBAByte Green => new(0, 255, 0);
+    public static RGBAByte Magenta => new(255, 0, 255);
+    public static RGBAByte Orange => new(255, 127, 0);
+    public static RGBAByte Purple => new(127, 0, 255);
+    public static RGBAByte Red => new(255, 0, 0);
+    public static RGBAByte White => new(255, 255, 255);
+    public static RGBAByte Yellow => new(255, 255, 0);
+
+    public int R
+    {
+        get => p_r;
+        set => p_r = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int G
+    {
+        get => p_g;
+        set => p_g = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int B
+    {
+        get => p_b;
+        set => p_b = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+    public int A
+    {
+        get => p_a;
+        set => p_a = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(value, byte.MinValue, byte.MaxValue);
+    }
+
+    private byte p_r, p_g, p_b, p_a;
+
+    public bool HasBlue => B > 0;
+    public bool HasGreen => G > 0;
+    public bool HasRed => R > 0;
+    public bool IsOpaque => A == 255;
+    public bool IsVisible => A != 0;
+
+    public RGBAByte() : this(0, 0, 0, 255) { }
+    public RGBAByte(int all) : this(all, all, all, all) { }
+    public RGBAByte(int all, int a) : this(all, all, all, a) { }
+    public RGBAByte(int r, int g, int b) : this(r, g, b, 255) { }
+    public RGBAByte(int r, int g, int b, int a)
+    {
+        R = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(r, 0, 255);
+        G = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(g, 0, 255);
+        B = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(b, 0, 255);
+        A = (byte)Mathf.Clamp(a, 0, 255);
+    }
+    public RGBAByte(Fill<byte> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+    public RGBAByte(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+
+    public int this[int index]
+    {
+        get => index switch
+        {
+            0 => R,
+            1 => G,
+            2 => B,
+            3 => A,
+            _ => throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index)),
+        };
+        set
+        {
+            switch (index)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    R = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    G = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 2:
+                    B = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 3:
+                    A = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default: throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public int this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public int[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<int> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static RGBAByte Average(params RGBAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        RGBAByte val = new(0, 0, 0, 0);
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) val += vals[i];
+        return val / vals.Length;
+    }
+    public static RGBAByte Clamp(RGBAByte val, RGBAByte min, RGBAByte max) =>
+        new(Mathf.Clamp(val.R, min.R, max.R),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.G, min.G, max.G),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.B, min.B, max.B),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.A, min.A, max.A));
+    public static RGBAByte Lerp(RGBAByte a, RGBAByte b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Mathf.Lerp(a.R, b.R, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.G, b.G, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.B, b.B, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.A, b.A, t, clamp));
+    public static RGBAByte LerpSquared(RGBAByte a, RGBAByte b, byte t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        RGBA.LerpSquared(a.ToRGBA(), b.ToRGBA(), t, clamp).ToRGBAByte();
+    public static RGBAByte Median(params RGBAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        RGBAByte valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+    public static RGBAByte Max(params RGBAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        (int[] Rs, int[] Gs, int[] Bs, int[] As) = SplitArrayInt(vals);
+        return new(Mathf.Max(Rs), Mathf.Max(Gs), Mathf.Max(Bs), Mathf.Max(As));
+    }
+    public static RGBAByte Min(params RGBAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        (int[] Rs, int[] Gs, int[] Bs, int[] As) = SplitArrayInt(vals);
+        return new(Mathf.Min(Rs), Mathf.Min(Gs), Mathf.Min(Bs), Mathf.Min(As));
+    }
+
+    public static (byte[] Rs, byte[] Gs, byte[] Bs, byte[] As) SplitArray(params RGBAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        byte[] Rs = new byte[vals.Length], Gs = new byte[vals.Length],
+                Bs = new byte[vals.Length], As = new byte[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Rs[i] = vals[i].p_r;
+            Gs[i] = vals[i].p_g;
+            Bs[i] = vals[i].p_b;
+            As[i] = vals[i].p_a;
+        }
+        return (Rs, Gs, Bs, As);
+    }
+    public static (int[] Rs, int[] Gs, int[] Bs, int[] As) SplitArrayInt(params RGBAByte[] vals)
+    {
+        int[] Rs = new int[vals.Length], Gs = new int[vals.Length],
+              Bs = new int[vals.Length], As = new int[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Rs[i] = vals[i].R;
+            Gs[i] = vals[i].G;
+            Bs[i] = vals[i].B;
+            As[i] = vals[i].A;
+        }
+        return (Rs, Gs, Bs, As);
+    }
+
+    public bool Equals(IColor? col) => col != null && Equals(col.ToRGBAByte());
+    public bool Equals(RGBAByte col) => A == 0 && col.A == 0 || R == col.R && G == col.G && B == col.B && A == col.A;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+
+    public RGBA ToRGBA() => new(R / 255f, G / 255f, B / 255f, A / 255f);
+    public CMYKA ToCMYKA() => ToRGBA().ToCMYKA();
+    public HSVA ToHSVA() => ToRGBA().ToHSVA();
+
+    public RGBAByte ToRGBAByte() => this;
+    public CMYKAByte ToCMYKAByte() => ToRGBA().ToCMYKAByte();
+    public HSVAByte ToHSVAByte() => ToRGBA().ToHSVAByte();
+
+    public byte[] ToArray() => new[] { p_r, p_g, p_b, p_a };
+    public int[] ToArrayInt() => new[] { R, G, B, A };
+    public Fill<byte> ToFill()
+    {
+        RGBAByte @this = this;
+        return i => (byte)@this[i];
+    }
+    public Fill<int> ToFillInt()
+    {
+        RGBAByte @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
+    public List<byte> ToList() => new() { p_r, p_g, p_b, p_a };
+    public List<int> ToListInt() => new() { R, G, B, A };
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<byte> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return p_r;
+        yield return p_g;
+        yield return p_b;
+        yield return p_a;
+    }
+
+    public Vector3d ToVector() => ((RGBA)this).ToVector();
+
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("R = ");
+        builder.Append(R);
+        builder.Append(", G = ");
+        builder.Append(G);
+        builder.Append(", B = ");
+        builder.Append(B);
+        builder.Append(", A = ");
+        builder.Append(A);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public static RGBAByte operator +(RGBAByte a, RGBAByte b) => new(a.R + b.R, a.G + b.G, a.B + b.B, a.A + b.A);
+    public static RGBAByte operator -(RGBAByte c) => new(255 - c.R, 255 - c.G, 255 - c.B, c.A != 255 ? 255 - c.A : 255);
+    public static RGBAByte operator -(RGBAByte a, RGBAByte b) => new(a.R - b.R, a.G - b.G, a.B - b.B, a.A - b.A);
+    public static RGBAByte operator *(RGBAByte a, RGBAByte b) => new(a.R * b.R, a.G * b.G, a.B * b.B, a.A * b.A);
+    public static RGBAByte operator *(RGBAByte a, int b) => new(a.R * b, a.G * b, a.B * b, a.A * b);
+    public static RGBAByte operator *(RGBAByte a, float b) => (a.ToRGBA() * b).ToRGBAByte();
+    public static RGBAByte operator /(RGBAByte a, RGBAByte b) => new(a.R / b.R, a.G / b.G, a.B / b.B, a.A / b.A);
+    public static RGBAByte operator /(RGBAByte a, int b) => new(a.R / b, a.G / b, a.B / b, a.A / b);
+    public static RGBAByte operator /(RGBAByte a, float b) => (a.ToRGBA() / b).ToRGBAByte();
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBAByte a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBAByte a, CMYKA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBAByte a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBAByte a, HSVA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBAByte a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBAByte a, RGBA b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBAByte a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBAByte a, CMYKAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator ==(RGBAByte a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(RGBAByte a, HSVAByte b) => a.Equals(b);
+
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(Int3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z);
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(Int4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, val.w);
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(CMYKA val) => val.ToRGBAByte();
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(HSVA val) => val.ToRGBAByte();
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(RGBA val) => val.ToRGBAByte();
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(CMYKAByte val) => val.ToRGBAByte();
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(HSVAByte val) => val.ToRGBAByte();
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(Fill<byte> val) => new(val);
+    public static implicit operator RGBAByte(Fill<int> val) => new(val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Graphics/TextureConfig.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Graphics;
+
+public struct TextureConfig
+{
+    public (bool U, bool V) BlendUV;
+    public float Boost;
+    public ColorChannel Channel;
+    public bool Clamp;
+    public float NormalStrength;
+    public Float3 Offset;
+    public Float3 Scale;
+    public Float3 Turbulance;
+
+    public TextureConfig()
+    {
+        BlendUV = (true, true);
+        Boost = 0;
+        Channel = ColorChannel.Red;
+        Clamp = false;
+        NormalStrength = 1;
+        Offset = Float3.Zero;
+        Scale = Float3.One;
+        Turbulance = Float3.Zero;
+    }
+}

Nerd_STF/Helpers/CordicHelper.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Helpers;
+
+// TODO: Make this internal
+
+// Putting this in here for future reference:
+// CORDIC is basically just splitting up an
+// operation into more smaller operations.
+// For example, turning sin(5rad) into
+// sin(4rad + 1rad), which can be turned into
+// the formula cos(4rad)cos(1rad) - sin(4rad)sin(1rad),
+// to which we know the values of each part.
+// Then we just do this iteratively on a bunch
+// of powers of 2.
+public static class CordicHelper
+{
+    private static readonly float[] p_cosTable =
+    {
+        0.540302305868f, // cos(2^0)
+        0.87758256189f,  // cos(2^-1)
+        0.968912421711f, // cos(2^-2)
+        0.992197667229f, // cos(2^-3)
+        0.9980475107f,   // cos(2^-4)
+        0.999511758485f, // cos(2^-5)
+        0.999877932171f, // cos(2^-6)
+        0.999969482577f, // cos(2^-7)
+        0.999992370615f, // cos(2^-8)
+        0.999998092652f, // cos(2^-9)
+        0.999999523163f, // cos(2^-10)
+        0.999999880791f, // cos(2^-11)
+        0.999999970198f, // cos(2^-12)
+        0.999999992549f, // cos(2^-13)
+        0.999999998137f, // cos(2^-14)
+        0.999999999534f  // cos(2^-15)
+    };
+    private static readonly float[] p_sinTable =
+    {
+        0.841470984808f,     // sin(2^0)
+        0.479425538604f,     // sin(2^-1)
+        0.247403959255f,     // sin(2^-2)
+        0.124674733385f,     // sin(2^-3)
+        0.0624593178424f,    // sin(2^-4)
+        0.0312449139853f,    // sin(2^-5)
+        0.0156243642249f,    // sin(2^-6)
+        0.00781242052738f,   // sin(2^-7)
+        0.0039062400659f,    // sin(2^-8)
+        0.00195312375824f,   // sin(2^-9)
+        0.00097656234478f,   // sin(2^-10)
+        0.000488281230597f,  // sin(2^-11)
+        0.000244140622575f,  // sin(2^-12)
+        0.000122070312197f,  // sin(2^-13)
+        0.0000610351562121f, // sin(2^-14)
+        0.0000305175781203f  // sin(2^-15)
+    };
+
+    private static readonly float[] p_coshTable =
+    {
+        1.54308063482f, // cosh(2^0)
+        1.12762596521f, // cosh(2^-1)
+        1.03141309988f, // cosh(2^-2)
+        1.00782267783f, // cosh(2^-3)
+        1.00195376087f, // cosh(2^-4)
+        1.00048832099f, // cosh(2^-5)
+        1.0001220728f,  // cosh(2^-6)
+        1.00003051773f, // cosh(2^-7)
+        1.0000076294f,  // cosh(2^-8)
+        1.00000190735f, // cosh(2^-9)
+        1.00000047684f, // cosh(2^-10)
+        1.00000011921f, // cosh(2^-11)
+        1.0000000298f,  // cosh(2^-12)
+        1.00000000745f, // cosh(2^-13)
+        1.00000000186f, // cosh(2^-14)
+        1.00000000047f, // cosh(2^-15)
+    };
+    private static readonly float[] p_sinhTable =
+    {
+        1.17520119364f,      // sinh(2^0)
+        0.521095305494f,     // sinh(2^-1)
+        0.252612316808f,     // sinh(2^-2)
+        0.125325775241f,     // sinh(2^-3)
+        0.0625406980522f,    // sinh(2^-4)
+        0.0312550865114f,    // sinh(2^-5)
+        0.0156256357906f,    // sinh(2^-6)
+        0.0078125794731f,    // sinh(2^-7)
+        0.00390625993412f,   // sinh(2^-8)
+        0.00195312624176f,   // sinh(2^-9)
+        0.00097656265522f,   // sinh(2^-10)
+        0.000488281269403f,  // sinh(2^-11)
+        0.000244140627425f,  // sinh(2^-12)
+        0.000122070312803f,  // sinh(2^-13)
+        0.0000610351562879f, // sinh(2^-14)
+        0.0000305175781297f, // sinh(2^-15)
+    };
+
+    private static readonly Dictionary<(float bas, int depth), float[]> p_expTables;
+
+    static CordicHelper()
+    {
+        p_expTables = new();
+    }
+
+    // This was originally intended to replace the Mathf.Cos
+    // and Mathf.Sin functions, but it ended up being considerably
+    // slower. In the future if it gets optimized, I might then
+    // choose to replace it.
+    // REMEMBER: When implementing, remember to use Mathf.AbsoluteMod,
+    //           because that's what I was intending when I wrote this.
+    public static (float sin, float cos) CalculateTrig(float x, int iterations)
+    {
+        float approximateX = 0,
+              approximateCos = 1,
+              approximateSin = 0;
+
+        // Iterate continuously until it gets better.
+        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
+        {
+            // We need to find the biggest step that'll move us
+            // closer to the real X (without overshooting).
+            float diffX = x - approximateX;
+
+            // This is assuming that cosTable and sinTable
+            // have the same length.
+            for (int j = 0; j < p_cosTable.Length; j++)
+            {
+                // The amount the difference will shrink.
+                float incX = FastGenExp2((sbyte)-j);
+
+                if (diffX >= incX)
+                {
+                    // Because here we go big to small, the first one that triggers
+                    // this if statement should also be the biggest one that can.
+
+                    // Get the sin and cos values for this power of two.
+                    float valCos = p_cosTable[j],
+                          valSin = p_sinTable[j];
+
+                    // Do the products.
+                    float newCos = approximateCos * valCos - approximateSin * valSin,
+                          newSin = approximateCos * valSin + approximateSin * valCos;
+
+                    // Apply differences
+                    approximateX += incX;
+                    approximateCos = newCos;
+                    approximateSin = newSin;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Sin and cos should be pretty accurate by now,
+        // so we can return them.
+        return (approximateSin, approximateCos);
+    }
+
+    public static (float sinh, float cosh) CalculateHyperTrig(float x, int iterations)
+    {
+        float approximateX = 0,
+              approximateCosh = 1,
+              approximateSinh = 0;
+
+        // Iterate continuously until it gets better.
+        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
+        {
+            // We need to find the biggest step that'll move us
+            // closer to the real X (without overshooting).
+            float diffX = x - approximateX;
+
+            // This is assuming that cosTable and sinTable
+            // have the same length.
+            for (int j = 0; j < p_coshTable.Length; j++)
+            {
+                // The amount the difference will shrink.
+                float incX = FastGenExp2((sbyte)-j);
+
+                if (diffX >= incX)
+                {
+                    // Because here we go big to small, the first one that triggers
+                    // this if statement should also be the biggest one that can.
+
+                    // Get the sin and cos values for this power of two.
+                    float valCosh = p_coshTable[j],
+                          valSinh = p_sinhTable[j];
+
+                    // Do the products.
+                    float newCosh = approximateCosh * valCosh + approximateSinh * valSinh,
+                          newSinh = approximateCosh * valSinh + approximateSinh * valCosh;
+
+                    // Apply differences
+                    approximateX += incX;
+                    approximateCosh = newCosh;
+                    approximateSinh = newSinh;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Sin and cos should be pretty accurate by now,
+        // so we can return them.
+        return (approximateSinh, approximateCosh);
+    }
+
+    public static float ExpAnyBase(float bas, float pow, int tableDepth, int iterations)
+    {
+        // We need to auto-generate a table of values for this number the user enters.
+        float[] table;
+        if (p_expTables.ContainsKey((bas, tableDepth)))
+        {
+            // Table was already generated, so we can reuse it.
+            table = p_expTables[(bas, tableDepth)];
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Calculate a table for the CORDIC system by
+            // applying sequential square roots.
+            table = new float[tableDepth];
+            table[0] = bas;
+            for (int i = 1; i < tableDepth; i++) table[i] = Mathf.Sqrt(table[i - 1]);
+            p_expTables.Add((bas, tableDepth), table);
+        }
+
+        // Now we can perform the CORDIC method.
+        float approximateX = 0, approximateVal = 1;
+
+        // Iterate continuously until it gets better.
+        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
+        {
+            // We need to find the biggest step that'll move us
+            // closer to the real X (without overshooting).
+            float diffX = pow - approximateX;
+
+            for (int j = 0; j < tableDepth; j++)
+            {
+                // The amount the difference will shrink.
+                float incX = FastGenExp2((sbyte)-j);
+
+                if (diffX >= incX)
+                {
+                    // Because here we go big to small, the first one that triggers
+                    // this if statement should also be the biggest one that can.
+
+                    // Get the power value for this power of two.
+                    float val = table[j];
+
+                    // Apply our value.
+                    approximateX += incX;
+                    approximateVal *= val;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Value should be pretty accurate by now,
+        // so we can return it.
+        return approximateVal;
+    }
+    public static float LogAnyBase(float bas, float val, int tableDepth, int iterations)
+    {
+        // We need to auto-generate a table of values for this number the user enters.
+        // However, we can use the already existing exponent tables and just swap the
+        // indexes and the values.
+        float[] table;
+        if (p_expTables.ContainsKey((bas, tableDepth)))
+        {
+            // Table was already generated, so we can reuse it.
+            table = p_expTables[(bas, tableDepth)];
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Calculate a table for the CORDIC system by
+            // applying sequential square roots.
+            table = new float[tableDepth];
+            table[0] = bas;
+            for (int i = 1; i < tableDepth; i++) table[i] = Mathf.Sqrt(table[i - 1]);
+            p_expTables.Add((bas, tableDepth), table);
+        }
+
+        // Now we can perform the CORDIC method.
+        float approximateX = 0, approximateVal = 1;
+
+        // Iterate continuously until it gets better.
+        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
+        {
+            float diffY = val / approximateVal;
+
+            for (int j = 0; j < table.Length; j++)
+            {
+                // The amount the difference will shrink.
+                float incX = FastGenExp2((sbyte)-j);
+                float newVal = table[j];
+
+                if (diffY >= newVal)
+                {
+                    // Because here we go big to small, the first one that triggers
+                    // this if statement should also be the biggest one that can.
+
+                    // Apply our value.
+                    approximateX += incX;
+                    approximateVal *= newVal;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Value should be pretty accurate by now,
+        // so we can return it.
+        return approximateX;
+    }
+
+    // An extremely fast way to generate 2 to
+    // the power of p. I say "generate" because I'm
+    // just messing with the mantissa's data and
+    // not doing any real math.
+    private static float FastGenExp2(sbyte p)
+    {
+        int data = (((p - 1) ^ 0b10000000) << 23) & ~(1 << 31);
+        return UnsafeHelper.SwapType<int, float>(data);
+    }
+}

Nerd_STF/Helpers/MathfHelper.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Helpers;
+
+internal static class MathfHelper
+{
+    public static (int[] group, long max)[] MillerRabinWitnessNumbers =
+    {
+        (new int[] { 2, 3 }, 1_373_653),
+        (new int[] { 31, 73 }, 9_080_191),
+        (new int[] { 2, 3, 5 }, 25_326_001),
+        (new int[] { 2, 13, 23, 1_662_803 }, 1_122_004_669_633),
+        (new int[] { 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 }, 2_152_302_898_747),
+        (new int[] { 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37 }, long.MaxValue) // The real maximum is 318_665_857_834_031_151_167_461
+    };
+
+    public static bool IsPrimeClassic(long num)
+    {
+        for (long i = 2; i <= num / 2; i++) if (num % i == 0) return false;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // 0x49204655434B494E47204C4F5645204E554D42525048494C45
+    // For some reason (I think the witnesses are slightly off), 12 numbers under 100,000
+    // are misrepresented as prime. I guess one of the witnesses becomes a liar for them.
+    // Mostly works though.
+    //
+    // TODO: In 2.10, the Mathf.PowerMod(int, int, int) method needs to be reworked to
+    //       have a better O(n).
+    public static bool IsPrimeMillerRabin(long num)
+    {
+        // Negatives are composite, zero and one are composite, two and three are prime.
+        if (num <= 3) return num > 1;
+
+        long unchanged = num;
+
+        // Find the number's proper witness group.
+        int[]? witnessGroup = null;
+        for (int i = 0; i < MillerRabinWitnessNumbers.Length; i++)
+        {
+            if (num <= MillerRabinWitnessNumbers[i].max)
+            {
+                witnessGroup = MillerRabinWitnessNumbers[i].group;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (witnessGroup is null) throw new MathException($"The number {num} is out of range of the available witness " +
+            $"numbers. Use the {nameof(PrimeCheckMethod.Classic)} method instead."); // This should never happen.
+
+        // Prep the number for court.
+        num -= 1; // For clarity.
+
+        // Seperate out powers of two.
+        int m = 0;
+        while (num % 2 == 0)
+        {
+            m++;
+            num /= 2;
+        }
+
+        long d = num; // The rest.
+
+        // Our number is rewritten as 2^m * d + 1
+
+        foreach (int a in witnessGroup)
+        {
+            // Calculate a^d = 1 mod n
+            // If true, the number *may* be prime (test all star numbers to be sure)
+            // If false, the number is *definitely* composite.
+
+            bool thinks = false;
+            for (int m2 = 0; m2 < m; m2++)
+            {
+                // Add any amount of multiples of two as given, but not as many as the original breakdown.
+
+                int additional = 1;
+                for (int m3 = 0; m3 < m2; m3++) additional *= 2;
+
+                long result = Mathf.PowerMod(a, additional * d, unchanged);
+                if (Mathf.AbsoluteMod(result + 1, unchanged) == 0 || Mathf.AbsoluteMod(result - 1, unchanged) == 0)
+                {
+                    thinks = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (!thinks) return false; // Definitely not prime.
+            else continue; // For clarity. A claim that the number is prime is not trustworthy until we've checked all witnesses.
+        }
+
+        return true; // Probably prime.
+    }
+}

Nerd_STF/Helpers/RationalHelper.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Helpers;
+
+internal static class RationalHelper
+{
+    public static Rational SimplifyAuto(float value)
+    {
+        string valueStr = value.ToString();
+        int pointIndex = valueStr.IndexOf(".");
+        if (pointIndex < 0) return new((int)value, 1);
+
+        int raise = valueStr.Substring(pointIndex + 1).Length;
+        int den = Mathf.Power(10, raise);
+
+        return new((int)(value * den), den);
+    }
+    public static Rational SimplifyFarey(float value, float tolerance, int maxIters)
+    {
+        float remainder = value % 1;
+        if (remainder == 0) return new((int)value, 1);
+
+        int additional = (int)(value - remainder);
+
+        Rational min = Rational.Zero, max = Rational.One;
+        Rational result;
+        float resultValue;
+
+        int iters = 0;
+
+        do
+        {
+            result = new(min.numerator + max.numerator, min.denominator + max.denominator, false);
+            resultValue = result.GetValue();
+
+            if (remainder == resultValue) break;
+            else if (remainder > resultValue) min = result;
+            else if (remainder < resultValue) max = result;
+
+            iters++;
+            if (maxIters != -1 && iters > maxIters) break;
+        }
+        while (Mathf.Absolute(resultValue - value) > tolerance);
+
+        if (additional != 0)
+            result = new(result.numerator + additional * result.denominator, result.denominator);
+
+        return result;
+    }
+}

Nerd_STF/Helpers/UnsafeHelper.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Helpers;
+
+// These are all the unsafe functions I couldn't make safe. I don't want too much
+// unsafe code, so this is where I put all of it that I require.
+internal static unsafe class UnsafeHelper
+{
+    // Forcefully change the type of an object
+    // without changing the data of the object.
+    public static NT SwapType<CT, NT>(CT obj)
+        where CT : unmanaged
+        where NT : unmanaged
+        => *(NT*)&obj;
+}

Nerd_STF/IClosest.cs

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-namespace Nerd_STF;
-
-public interface IClosest<T> where T : IEquatable<T>
-{
-    public T ClosestTo(T item);
-}

Nerd_STF/IContainer.cs

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-namespace Nerd_STF;
-
-public interface IContainer<T> where T : IEquatable<T>
-{
-    public bool Contains(T item);
-}

Nerd_STF/IEncapsulator.cs

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-namespace Nerd_STF;
-
-public interface IEncapsulator<T, TE> : IContainer<TE> where T : IEquatable<T> where TE : IEquatable<TE>
-{
-    public T Encapsulate(TE val);
-}

Nerd_STF/IGroup.cs

@@ -3,5 +3,6 @@
 public interface IGroup<T> : IEnumerable<T>
 {
     public T[] ToArray();
+    public Fill<T> ToFill();
     public List<T> ToList();
 }

Nerd_STF/IGroup2D.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF;
+
+public interface IGroup2d<T> : IGroup<T>
+{
+    public T[,] ToArray2D();
+    public Fill2d<T> ToFill2D();
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IAbsolute.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IAbsolute<T> where T : IAbsolute<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Absolute(T val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IAverage.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IAverage<T> where T : IAverage<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Average(params T[] vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/ICeiling.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface ICeiling<TSelf> : ICeiling<TSelf, TSelf> where TSelf : ICeiling<TSelf> { }
+public interface ICeiling<TSelf, TRound> where TSelf : ICeiling<TSelf, TRound>
+{
+    public static abstract TRound Ceiling(TSelf val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IClamp.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IClamp<T> where T : IClamp<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Clamp(T val, T min, T max);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IClampMagnitude.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IClampMagnitude<TSelf, TNumber>
+    where TSelf : IClampMagnitude<TSelf, TNumber>
+    where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>
+{
+    public static abstract TSelf ClampMagnitude(TSelf val, TNumber minMag, TNumber maxMag);
+}
+public interface IClampMagnitude<TSelf> where TSelf : IClampMagnitude<TSelf>
+{
+    public static abstract TSelf ClampMagnitude<TNumber>(TSelf val, TNumber minMag, TNumber maxMag)
+        where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>;
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IClosestTo.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IClosestTo<T> where T : IEquatable<T>
+{
+    public T ClosestTo(T item);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IContains.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IContains<T> where T : IEquatable<T>
+{
+    public bool Contains(T item);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/ICross.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface ICross<TSelf> : ICross<TSelf, TSelf>
+    where TSelf : ICross<TSelf> { }
+public interface ICross<TSelf, TOut> where TSelf : ICross<TSelf, TOut>
+{
+    public static abstract TOut Cross(TSelf a, TSelf b, bool normalized = false);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IDivide.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IDivide<T> : IDivisionOperators<T, T, T> where T : IDivide<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Divide(T num, params T[] vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IDot.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IDot<TSelf, TNumber>
+    where TSelf : IDot<TSelf, TNumber>
+    where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>
+{
+    public static abstract TNumber Dot(TSelf a, TSelf b);
+    public static abstract TNumber Dot(TSelf[] vals);
+}    
+public interface IDot<TSelf> where TSelf : IDot<TSelf>
+{
+    public static abstract TNumber Dot<TNumber>(TSelf a, TSelf b)
+        where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>;
+    public static abstract TNumber Dot<TNumber>(TSelf[] vals)
+        where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>;
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IEncapsulate.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IEncapsulate<T, TE> : IContains<TE> where T : IEquatable<T> where TE : IEquatable<TE>
+{
+    public T Encapsulate(TE val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IFloor.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IFloor<TSelf> : IFloor<TSelf, TSelf>
+    where TSelf : IFloor<TSelf> { } 
+public interface IFloor<TSelf, TRound>
+    where TSelf : IFloor<TSelf, TRound>
+{
+    public static abstract TRound Floor(TSelf val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IFromTuple.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IFromTuple<TSelf, TTuple> where TSelf : IFromTuple<TSelf, TTuple>
+    where TTuple : ITuple
+{
+    public static abstract implicit operator TSelf(TTuple val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IIndexAll.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IIndexAll<TSub> : IIndexGet<TSub>, IIndexSet<TSub> { }

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IIndexGet.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IIndexGet<TSub>
+{
+    public TSub this[int index] { get; }
+    public TSub this[Index index] { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IIndexRangeAll.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IIndexRangeAll<TSub> : IIndexRangeGet<TSub>, IIndexRangeSet<TSub> { }

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IIndexRangeGet.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IIndexRangeGet<TSub>
+{
+    public TSub[] this[Range range] { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IIndexRangeSet.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IIndexRangeSet<TSub>
+{
+    public TSub[] this[Range range] { set; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IIndexSet.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IIndexSet<TSub>
+{
+    public TSub this[int index] { set; }
+    public TSub this[Index index] { set; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/ILerp.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface ILerp<TSelf, TNumber>
+    where TSelf : ILerp<TSelf, TNumber>
+    where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>
+{
+    public static abstract TSelf Lerp(TSelf a, TSelf b, TNumber t, bool clamp = true);
+}
+public interface ILerp<TSelf> where TSelf : ILerp<TSelf>
+{
+    public static abstract TSelf Lerp<TNumber>(TSelf a, TSelf b, TNumber t, bool clamp = true)
+        where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>;
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IMagnitude.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IMagnitude<TNumber> where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>
+{
+    public TNumber Magnitude { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IMathOperators.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IMathOperators<TSelf> : IAdditionOperators<TSelf, TSelf, TSelf>,
+    ISubtractionOperators<TSelf, TSelf, TSelf>, IMultiplyOperators<TSelf, TSelf, TSelf>,
+    IDivisionOperators<TSelf, TSelf, TSelf>
+    where TSelf : IMathOperators<TSelf> { }

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IMatrix.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IMatrix<T> : IAbsolute<T>, ICeiling<T>, IClamp<T>, IDivide<T>,
+    IEquatable<T>, IFloor<T>, IGroup2d<float>, ILerp<T, float>, IProduct<T>, IRound<T>,
+    ISubtract<T>, ISum<T>
+    where T : IMatrix<T>
+{
+    public Int2 Size { get; }
+
+    public float this[int r, int c] { get; set; }
+    public float this[Index r, Index c] { get; set; }
+
+    public T Adjugate();
+    public T Cofactor();
+    public float Determinant();
+    public T? Inverse();
+    public T Transpose();
+
+    public float[] GetColumn(int column);
+    public float[] GetRow(int row);
+
+    public void SetColumn(int column, float[] value);
+    public void SetRow(int row, float[] values);
+
+    public T AddRow(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor = 1);
+    public void AddRowMutable(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor = 1);
+    public T ScaleRow(int rowIndex, float value);
+    public void ScaleRowMutable(int rowIndex, float value);
+    public T SwapRows(int rowA, int rowB);
+    public void SwapRowsMutable(int rowA, int rowB);
+}
+
+public interface IMatrix<This, TMinor> : IMatrix<This> where This : IMatrix<This, TMinor>
+    where TMinor : IMatrix<TMinor>
+{
+    public TMinor[,] Minors();
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IMatrixPresets.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IMatrixPresets<T> where T : IMatrix<T>, IMatrixPresets<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Identity { get; }
+    public static abstract T One { get; }
+    public static abstract T SignGrid { get; }
+    public static abstract T Zero { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IMax.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IMax<T> where T : IMax<T>, IComparable<T>
+{
+    public static virtual T Max(params T[] vals) => Mathf.Max(vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IMedian.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IMedian<T> where T : IMedian<T>
+{
+    public static virtual T Median(params T[] vals) => Mathf.Median(vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IMin.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IMin<T> where T : IMin<T>, IComparable<T>
+{
+    public static virtual T Min(params T[] vals) => Mathf.Min(vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IPresets0d.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IPresets0d<T> where T : IPresets0d<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Unit { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IPresets1D.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IPresets1d<T> where T : IPresets1d<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T One { get; }
+    public static abstract T Zero { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IPresets2D.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IPresets2d<T> : IPresets1d<T> where T : IPresets2d<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Down { get; }
+    public static abstract T Left { get; }
+    public static abstract T Right { get; }
+    public static abstract T Up { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IPresets3D.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IPresets3d<T> : IPresets2d<T> where T : IPresets3d<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Back { get; }
+    public static abstract T Forward { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IPresets4D.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IPresets4d<T> : IPresets2d<T>, IPresets3d<T> where T : IPresets4d<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T HighW { get; }
+    public static abstract T LowW { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IProduct.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IProduct<T> : IMultiplyOperators<T, T, T>
+    where T : IProduct<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Product(params T[] vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IRound.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IRound<TSelf> : IRound<TSelf, TSelf>
+    where TSelf : IRound<TSelf> { } 
+public interface IRound<TSelf, TRound>
+    where TSelf : IRound<TSelf, TRound>
+{
+    public static abstract TRound Round(TSelf val);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IShape2D.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IShape2d<TNumber> where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>
+{
+    public TNumber Area { get; }
+    public TNumber Perimeter { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IShape3D.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IShape3d<TNumber> where TNumber : INumber<TNumber>
+{
+    public TNumber SurfaceArea { get; }
+    public TNumber Volume { get; }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/ISplittable.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface ISplittable<TSelf, TTuple> where TTuple : ITuple
+{
+    public static abstract TTuple SplitArray(params TSelf[] vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/IStaticMatrix.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface IStaticMatrix<T> : IAverage<T>, IMatrix<T>, IMedian<T>,
+    IMatrixPresets<T> where T : IStaticMatrix<T>
+{
+    
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/ISubdivide.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface ISubdivide<T>
+{
+    public T Subdivide();
+    public T Subdivide(int iterations);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/ISubtract.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface ISubtract<T> : ISubtractionOperators<T, T, T> where T : ISubtract<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Subtract(T num, params T[] vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/ISum.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+using System.Numerics;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface ISum<T> : IAdditionOperators<T, T, T>
+    where T : ISum<T>
+{
+    public static abstract T Sum(params T[] vals);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Abstract/ITriangulate.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Abstract;
+
+public interface ITriangulate
+{
+    public static Triangle[] TriangulateAll(params ITriangulate[] triangulatables)
+    {
+        List<Triangle> res = new();
+        foreach (ITriangulate triangulatable in triangulatables) res.AddRange(triangulatable.Triangulate());
+        return res.ToArray();
+    }
+    public static Triangle[] TriangulateAll<T>(params T[] triangulatables) where T : ITriangulate
+    {
+        List<Triangle> res = new();
+        foreach (ITriangulate triangulatable in triangulatables) res.AddRange(triangulatable.Triangulate());
+        return res.ToArray();
+    }
+
+    public Triangle[] Triangulate();
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Algebra/Matrix.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,441 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Algebra;
+
+public class Matrix : IMatrix<Matrix, Matrix>
+{
+    public static Matrix Identity(Int2 size)
+    {
+        if (size.x != size.y) throw new InvalidSizeException("Can only create an identity matrix of a square matrix." +
+            " You may want to use " + nameof(IdentityIsh) + " instead.");
+        Matrix m = Zero(size);
+        for (int i = 0; i < size.x; i++) m[i, i] = 1;
+        return m;
+    }
+    public static Matrix IdentityIsh(Int2 size)
+    {
+        Matrix m = Zero(size);
+        int max = Mathf.Min(size.x, size.y);
+        for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) m[i, i] = 1;
+        return m;
+    }
+    public static Matrix One(Int2 size) => new(size, 1);
+    public static Matrix SignGrid(Int2 size) => new(size, delegate (int x)
+    {
+        float sgnValue = Fills.SignFill(x);
+        if (size.y % 2 == 0 && x / size.y % 2 == 1) sgnValue *= -1;
+        return sgnValue;
+    });
+    public static Matrix Zero(Int2 size) => new(size);
+
+    public bool HasMinors => Size.x > 1 && Size.y > 1;
+    public bool IsSquare => Size.x == Size.y;
+
+    public Int2 Size { get; private init; }
+
+    private readonly float[,] array;
+
+    public Matrix() : this(Int2.Zero) { }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, float all = 0)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+
+        if (all == 0) return;
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = all;
+    }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, float[] vals)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+
+        if (vals.Length < size.x * size.y)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the matrix.");
+
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = vals[c + r * size.y];
+    }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, int[] vals)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+
+        if (vals.Length < size.x * size.y)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the matrix.");
+
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = vals[c + r * size.y];
+    }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, Fill<float> vals)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = vals(c + r * size.y);
+    }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, Fill<int> vals)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = vals(c + r * size.y);
+    }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, float[,] vals)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = vals[r, c];
+    }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, int[,] vals)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = vals[r, c];
+    }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, Fill2d<float> vals)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = vals(r, c);
+    }
+    public Matrix(Int2 size, Fill2d<int> vals)
+    {
+        Size = size;
+        array = new float[size.x, size.y];
+        for (int r = 0; r < size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < size.y; c++) array[r, c] = vals(r, c);
+    }
+
+    public float this[int r, int c]
+    {
+        get => array[r, c];
+        set => array[r, c] = value;
+    }
+    public float this[Int2 index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.x, index.y];
+        set => this[index.x, index.y] = value;
+    }
+    public float this[Index r, Index c]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int row = r.IsFromEnd ? Size.x - r.Value : r.Value,
+                col = c.IsFromEnd ? Size.y - c.Value : c.Value;
+            return array[row, col];
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int row = r.IsFromEnd ? Size.x - r.Value : r.Value,
+                col = c.IsFromEnd ? Size.y - c.Value : c.Value;
+            array[row, col] = value;
+        }
+    }
+    public Matrix this[Range rs, Range cs]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int rowStart = rs.Start.IsFromEnd ? Size.x - rs.Start.Value : rs.Start.Value,
+                rowEnd = rs.End.IsFromEnd ? Size.x - rs.End.Value : rs.End.Value,
+                colStart = cs.Start.IsFromEnd ? Size.y - cs.Start.Value : cs.Start.Value,
+                colEnd = cs.End.IsFromEnd ? Size.y - cs.End.Value : cs.End.Value;
+
+            Matrix newMatrix = new((rowEnd - rowStart - 1, colEnd - colStart - 1));
+            for (int r = rowStart; r < rowEnd; r++)
+                for (int c = colStart; c < colEnd; c++)
+                    newMatrix[r, c] = array[r, c];
+            return newMatrix;
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int rowStart = rs.Start.IsFromEnd ? Size.x - rs.Start.Value : rs.Start.Value,
+                rowEnd = rs.End.IsFromEnd ? Size.x - rs.End.Value : rs.End.Value,
+                colStart = cs.Start.IsFromEnd ? Size.y - cs.Start.Value : cs.Start.Value,
+                colEnd = cs.End.IsFromEnd ? Size.y - cs.End.Value : cs.End.Value;
+
+            if (value.Size != (rowEnd - rowStart - 1, colEnd - colStart - 1))
+                throw new InvalidSizeException("Matrix has invalid size.");
+
+            for (int r = rowStart; r < rowEnd; r++)
+                for (int c = colStart; c < colEnd; c++)
+                    array[r, c] = value[r, c];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Matrix Absolute(Matrix val) => new(val.Size, (r, c) => Mathf.Absolute(val[r, c]));
+    public static Matrix Ceiling(Matrix val) => new(val.Size, (r, c) => Mathf.Ceiling(val[r, c]));
+    public static Matrix Clamp(Matrix val, Matrix min, Matrix max) =>
+        new(val.Size, (r, c) => Mathf.Clamp(val[r, c], min[r, c], max[r, c]));
+    public static Matrix Divide(Matrix num, params Matrix[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Matrix m in vals) num /= m;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Matrix Floor(Matrix val) => new(val.Size, (r, c) => Mathf.Floor(val[r, c]));
+    public static Matrix Lerp(Matrix a, Matrix b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(a.Size, (r, c) => Mathf.Lerp(a[r, c], b[r, c], t, clamp));
+    public static Matrix Product(params Matrix[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain at least one matrix.");
+        if (!CheckSize(vals)) throw new InvalidSizeException("All matricies must be the same size.");
+        Matrix val = Identity(vals[0].Size);
+        foreach (Matrix m in vals) val *= m;
+        return val;
+    }
+    public static Matrix Round(Matrix val) => new(val.Size, (r, c) => Mathf.Round(val[r, c]));
+    public static Matrix Subtract(Matrix num, params Matrix[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Matrix m in vals) num -= m;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Matrix Sum(params Matrix[] vals)
+    {
+        if (!CheckSize(vals)) throw new InvalidSizeException("All matricies must be the same size.");
+        Matrix val = Zero(vals[0].Size);
+        foreach (Matrix m in vals) val += m;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public void Apply(Modifier2d modifier)
+    {
+        for (int r = 0; r < Size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < Size.y; c++)
+                array[r, c] = modifier(new(r, c), array[r, c]);
+    }
+
+    public float[] GetColumn(int column)
+    {
+        float[] vals = new float[Size.x];
+        for (int i = 0; i < Size.x; i++) vals[i] = array[i, column];
+        return vals;
+    }
+    public float[] GetRow(int row)
+    {
+        float[] vals = new float[Size.y];
+        for (int i = 0; i < Size.y; i++) vals[i] = array[row, i];
+        return vals;
+    }
+
+    public void SetColumn(int column, float[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < Size.x)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the column.");
+        for (int i = 0; i < Size.x; i++) array[i, column] = vals[i];
+    }
+    public void SetRow(int row, float[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < Size.y)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the row.");
+        for (int i = 0; i < Size.y; i++) array[row, i] = vals[i];
+    }
+
+    public Matrix Adjugate() => Cofactor().Transpose();
+    public Matrix Cofactor()
+    {
+        Matrix dets = new(Size);
+        Matrix[,] minors = Minors();
+        for (int r = 0; r < Size.y; r++) for (int c = 0; c < Size.x; c++) dets[c, r] = minors[c, r].Determinant();
+        return dets ^ SignGrid(Size);
+    }
+    public float Determinant()
+    {
+        if (!IsSquare) throw new InvalidSizeException("Matrix must be square to calculate determinant.");
+        if (Size.x <= 0) return 0;
+        if (Size.x == 1) return array[0, 0];
+
+        Matrix[] minors = Minors().GetRow(0, Size.x);
+        float det = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < minors.Length; i++) det += array[0, i] * minors[i].Determinant() * (i % 2 == 0 ? 1 : -1);
+
+        return det;
+    }
+    public Matrix? Inverse()
+    {
+        float d = Determinant();
+        if (d == 0) return null;
+
+        return Adjugate() / d;
+    }
+    public Matrix[,] Minors()
+    {
+        if (!HasMinors) return new Matrix[0,0];
+        Matrix[,] minors = new Matrix[Size.x, Size.y];
+        for (int r = 0; r < Size.x; r++) for (int c = 0; c < Size.y; c++) minors[r, c] = MinorOf(new(r, c));
+        return minors;
+    }
+    public Matrix Transpose()
+    {
+        Matrix @this = this;
+        return new(Size, (r, c) => @this[c, r]);
+    }
+
+    public Matrix MinorOf(Int2 index)
+    {
+        Matrix @this = this;
+        return new(@this.Size - Int2.One, delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r >= index.x) r++;
+            if (c >= index.y) c++;
+            return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Matrix AddRow(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor = 1)
+    {
+        Matrix @this = this;
+        return new(Size, delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowToChange) return @this[r, c] += factor * @this[referenceRow, c];
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void AddRowMutable(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor)
+    {
+        for (int c = 0; c < Size.y; c++) this[rowToChange, c] += this[referenceRow, c] * factor;
+    }
+    public Matrix ScaleRow(int rowIndex, float factor)
+    {
+        Matrix @this = this;
+        return new(Size, delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowIndex) return @this[r, c] * factor;
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void ScaleRowMutable(int rowIndex, float factor)
+    {
+        for (int c = 0; c < Size.y; c++) this[rowIndex, c] *= factor;
+    }
+    public Matrix SwapRows(int rowA, int rowB)
+    {
+        Matrix @this = this;
+        return new(Size, delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowA) return @this[rowB, c];
+            else if (r == rowB) return @this[rowA, c];
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void SwapRowsMutable(int rowA, int rowB)
+    {
+        float[] dataA = GetRow(rowA), dataB = GetRow(rowB);
+        SetRow(rowA, dataB);
+        SetRow(rowB, dataA);
+    }
+
+    public Matrix SolveRowEchelon()
+    {
+        Matrix result = (Matrix)MemberwiseClone();
+
+        // Scale the first row so the first element of that row is 1.
+        result.ScaleRowMutable(0, 1 / result[0, 0]);
+        
+        // For each row afterwards, subtract the required amount from all rows before it and normalize.
+        for (int r1 = 1; r1 < result.Size.x; r1++)
+        {
+            int min = Mathf.Min(r1, result.Size.y);
+            for (int r2 = 0; r2 < min; r2++)
+            {
+                result.AddRowMutable(r1, r2, -result[r1, r2]);
+            }
+            result.ScaleRowMutable(r1, 1 / result[r1, r1]);
+        }
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    public override bool Equals([NotNullWhen(true)] object? obj)
+    {
+        if (obj == null) return base.Equals(obj);
+        Type t = obj.GetType();
+        if (t == typeof(Matrix)) return Equals((Matrix)obj);
+        else if (t == typeof(Matrix2x2)) return Equals((Matrix)obj);
+        else if (t == typeof(Matrix3x3)) return Equals((Matrix)obj);
+        else if (t == typeof(Matrix4x4)) return Equals((Matrix)obj);
+
+        return base.Equals(obj);
+    }
+    public bool Equals(Matrix? other)
+    {
+        if (other is null) return false;
+        return array.Equals(other.array);
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() => array.GetHashCode();
+    public override string ToString()
+    {
+        string res = "";
+        for (int r = 0; r < Size.x; r++)
+        {
+            for (int c = 0; c < Size.y; c++) res += array[r, c] + " ";
+            res += "\n";
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    public object Clone() => new Matrix(Size, array);
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        for (int r = 0; r < Size.y; r++) for (int c = 0; c < Size.x; c++) yield return array[c, r];
+    }
+
+    public float[] ToArray() => array.Flatten(new(Size.y, Size.x));
+    public float[,] ToArray2D() => array;
+    public Fill<float> ToFill() => ToFillExtension.ToFill(this);
+    public Fill2d<float> ToFill2D()
+    {
+        Matrix @this = this;
+        return (x, y) => @this[x, y];
+    }
+    public List<float> ToList() => ToArray().ToList();
+
+    public static Matrix operator +(Matrix a, Matrix b) => new(a.Size, (r, c) => a[r, c] + b[r, c]);
+    public static Matrix? operator -(Matrix m) => m.Inverse();
+    public static Matrix operator -(Matrix a, Matrix b) => new(a.Size, (r, c) => a[r, c] - b[r, c]);
+    public static Matrix operator *(Matrix a, float b) => new(a.Size, (r, c) => a[r, c] * b);
+    public static Matrix operator *(Matrix a, Matrix b)
+    {
+        if (a.Size.y != b.Size.x) throw new InvalidSizeException("Incompatible Dimensions.");
+        return new(new(a.Size.x, b.Size.y), (r, c) => Mathf.Dot(a.GetRow(r), b.GetColumn(c)));
+    }
+    public static Complex operator *(Matrix a, Complex b) => (Complex)(a * (Matrix)b);
+    public static Quaternion operator *(Matrix a, Quaternion b) => (Quaternion)(a * (Matrix)b);
+    public static Float2 operator *(Matrix a, Float2 b) => (Float2)(a * (Matrix)b);
+    public static Float3 operator *(Matrix a, Float3 b) => (Float3)(a * (Matrix)b);
+    public static Float4 operator *(Matrix a, Float4 b) => (Float4)(a * (Matrix)b);
+    public static Vector2d operator *(Matrix a, Vector2d b) => (Vector2d)(a * (Matrix)b);
+    public static Vector3d operator *(Matrix a, Vector3d b) => (Vector3d)(a * (Matrix)b);
+    public static Matrix operator /(Matrix a, float b) => new(a.Size, (r, c) => a[r, c] / b);
+    public static Matrix operator /(Matrix a, Matrix b)
+    {
+        Matrix? bInv = b.Inverse();
+        if (bInv is null) throw new NoInverseException(b);
+        return a * bInv;
+    }
+    public static Complex operator /(Matrix a, Complex b) => (Complex)(a / (Matrix)b);
+    public static Quaternion operator /(Matrix a, Quaternion b) => (Quaternion)(a / (Matrix)b);
+    public static Float2 operator /(Matrix a, Float2 b) => (Float2)(a / (Matrix)b);
+    public static Float3 operator /(Matrix a, Float3 b) => (Float3)(a / (Matrix)b);
+    public static Float4 operator /(Matrix a, Float4 b) => (Float4)(a / (Matrix)b);
+    public static Vector2d operator /(Matrix a, Vector2d b) => (Vector2d)(a / (Matrix)b);
+    public static Vector3d operator /(Matrix a, Vector3d b) => (Vector3d)(a / (Matrix)b);
+    // Single number multiplication
+    public static Matrix operator ^(Matrix a, Matrix b) => new(a.Size, (r, c) => a[r, c] * b[r, c]);
+    public static bool operator ==(Matrix a, Matrix b) => a.Equals(b);
+    public static bool operator !=(Matrix a, Matrix b) => !a.Equals(b);
+
+    public static explicit operator Matrix(Complex c) => (Matrix)(Float2)c;
+    public static explicit operator Matrix(Quaternion c) => (Matrix)(Float4)c;
+    public static explicit operator Matrix(Float2 f) => new(new(2, 1), i => f[i]);
+    public static explicit operator Matrix(Float3 f) => new(new(3, 1), i => f[i]);
+    public static explicit operator Matrix(Float4 f) => new(new(4, 1), i => f[i]);
+    public static implicit operator Matrix(Matrix2x2 m) => new(new(2, 2), m.ToFill2D());
+    public static implicit operator Matrix(Matrix3x3 m) => new(new(3, 3), m.ToFill2D());
+    public static implicit operator Matrix(Matrix4x4 m) => new(new(4, 4), m.ToFill2D());
+    public static explicit operator Matrix(Vector2d v) => (Matrix)v.ToXYZ();
+    public static explicit operator Matrix(Vector3d v) => (Matrix)v.ToXYZ();
+
+    private static bool CheckSize(params Matrix[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length <= 1) return true;
+        Int2 size = vals[0].Size;
+        for (int i = 1; i < vals.Length; i++) if (size != vals[i].Size) return false;
+
+        return true;
+    }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Algebra/Matrix2x2.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Algebra;
+
+public record class Matrix2x2 : IStaticMatrix<Matrix2x2>
+{
+    public static Matrix2x2 Identity => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { 1, 0 },
+        { 0, 1 }
+    });
+    public static Matrix2x2 One => new(1);
+    public static Matrix2x2 SignGrid => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { +1, -1 },
+        { -1, +1 }
+    });
+    public static Matrix2x2 Zero => new(0);
+
+    public Float2 Column1
+    {
+        get => new(r1c1, r2c1);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c1 = value.x;
+            r2c1 = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 Column2
+    {
+        get => new(r1c2, r2c2);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c2 = value.x;
+            r2c2 = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 Row1
+    {
+        get => new(r1c1, r1c2);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c1 = value.x;
+            r1c2 = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 Row2
+    {
+        get => new(r2c1, r2c2);
+        set
+        {
+            r2c1 = value.x;
+            r2c2 = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Int2 Size => (2, 2);
+
+    public float r1c1, r2c1, r1c2, r2c2;
+
+    public Matrix2x2(float all) : this(all, all, all, all) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(float r1c1, float r1c2, float r2c1, float r2c2)
+    {
+        this.r1c1 = r1c1;
+        this.r1c2 = r1c2;
+        this.r2c1 = r2c1;
+        this.r2c2 = r2c2;
+    }
+    public Matrix2x2(float[] nums) : this(nums[0], nums[1], nums[2], nums[3]) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(int[] nums) : this(nums[0], nums[1], nums[2], nums[3]) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Fill<float> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(float[,] nums) : this(nums[0, 0], nums[0, 1], nums[1, 0], nums[1, 1]) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(int[,] nums) : this(nums[0, 0], nums[0, 1], nums[1, 0], nums[1, 1]) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Fill2d<float> fill) : this(fill(0, 0), fill(0, 1), fill(1, 0), fill(1, 1)) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Fill2d<int> fill) : this(fill(0, 0), fill(0, 1), fill(1, 0), fill(1, 1)) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Float2 r1, Float2 r2) : this(r1.x, r1.y, r2.x, r2.y) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Fill<Float2> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1)) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Fill<Int2> fill) : this((IEnumerable<int>)fill(0), fill(1)) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(IEnumerable<float> r1, IEnumerable<float> r2) : this(r1.ToFill(), r2.ToFill()) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(IEnumerable<int> r1, IEnumerable<int> r2) : this(r1.ToFill(), r2.ToFill()) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Fill<float> r1, Fill<float> r2) : this(r1(0), r1(1), r2(0), r2(1)) { }
+    public Matrix2x2(Fill<int> r1, Fill<int> r2) : this(r1(0), r1(1), r2(0), r2(1)) { }
+
+    public float this[int r, int c]
+    {
+        get => ToArray2D()[r, c];
+        set
+        {
+            // Maybe this could be improved?
+            // It's definitely better than it was before. Trust me.
+            switch ("r" + (r + 1) + "c" + (c + 1))
+            {
+                case "r1c1":
+                    r1c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c1":
+                    r2c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r1c2":
+                    r1c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c2":
+                    r2c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default:
+                    string @params = "";
+                    if (r < 0 || r > 1) @params += r;
+                    if (c < 0 || c > 1) @params += string.IsNullOrEmpty(@params) ? c : " and " + c;
+                    throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(@params);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public float this[Int2 index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.x, index.y];
+        set => this[index.x, index.y] = value;
+    }
+    public float this[Index r, Index c]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int row = r.IsFromEnd ? 2 - r.Value : r.Value,
+                col = c.IsFromEnd ? 2 - c.Value : c.Value;
+            return this[row, col];
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int row = r.IsFromEnd ? 2 - r.Value : r.Value,
+                col = c.IsFromEnd ? 2 - c.Value : c.Value;
+            this[row, col] = value;
+        }
+    }
+    public float[,] this[Range rs, Range cs]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int rowStart = rs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 2 - rs.Start.Value : rs.Start.Value,
+                rowEnd = rs.End.IsFromEnd ? 2 - rs.End.Value : rs.End.Value,
+                colStart = cs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 2 - cs.Start.Value : cs.Start.Value,
+                colEnd = cs.End.IsFromEnd ? 2 - cs.End.Value : cs.End.Value;
+
+            float[,] vals = new float[rowEnd - rowStart - 1, colEnd - colStart - 1];
+            for (int r = rowStart; r < rowEnd; r++)
+                for (int c = colStart; c < colEnd; c++)
+                    vals[r, c] = this[r, c];
+            return vals;
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int rowStart = rs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 2 - rs.Start.Value : rs.Start.Value,
+                rowEnd = rs.End.IsFromEnd ? 2 - rs.End.Value : rs.End.Value,
+                colStart = cs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 2 - cs.Start.Value : cs.Start.Value,
+                colEnd = cs.End.IsFromEnd ? 2 - cs.End.Value : cs.End.Value;
+
+            for (int r = rowStart; r < rowEnd; r++)
+                for (int c = colStart; c < colEnd; c++)
+                    this[r, c] = value[r, c];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Matrix2x2 Absolute(Matrix2x2 val) => new(Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c2),
+        Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c2));
+    public static Matrix2x2 Average(params Matrix2x2[] vals) => Sum(vals) / vals.Length;
+    public static Matrix2x2 Ceiling(Matrix2x2 val) => new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c2),
+        Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c2));
+    public static Matrix2x2 Clamp(Matrix2x2 val, Matrix2x2 min, Matrix2x2 max) =>
+        new(Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c1, min.r1c1, max.r1c1), Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c2, min.r1c2, max.r1c2),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c1, min.r2c1, max.r2c1), Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c2, min.r2c2, max.r2c2));
+    public static Matrix2x2 Divide(Matrix2x2 num, params Matrix2x2[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Matrix2x2 m in vals) num /= m;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Matrix2x2 Floor(Matrix2x2 val) => new(Mathf.Floor(val.r1c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r1c2),
+        Mathf.Floor(val.r2c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r2c2));
+    public static Matrix2x2 Lerp(Matrix2x2 a, Matrix2x2 b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c1, b.r1c1, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c2, b.r1c2, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c1, b.r2c1, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c2, b.r2c2, t, clamp));
+    public static Matrix2x2 Median(params Matrix2x2[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        Matrix2x2 valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+    public static Matrix2x2 Product(params Matrix2x2[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Matrix2x2 val = Identity;
+        foreach (Matrix2x2 m in vals) val *= m;
+        return val;
+    }
+    public static Matrix2x2 Round(Matrix2x2 val) => new(Mathf.Round(val.r1c1), Mathf.Round(val.r1c2),
+        Mathf.Round(val.r2c1), Mathf.Round(val.r2c2));
+    public static Matrix2x2 Subtract(Matrix2x2 num, params Matrix2x2[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Matrix2x2 m in vals) num -= m;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Matrix2x2 Sum(params Matrix2x2[] vals)
+    {
+        Matrix2x2 val = Zero;
+        foreach (Matrix2x2 m in vals) val += m;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static (float[] r1c1s, float[] r1c2s, float[] r2c1s, float[] r2c2s) SplitArray(params Matrix2x2[] vals)
+    {
+        float[] r1c1s = new float[vals.Length], r1c2s = new float[vals.Length], r2c1s = new float[vals.Length],
+                r2c2s = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            r1c1s[i] = vals[i].r1c1;
+            r1c2s[i] = vals[i].r1c2;
+            r2c1s[i] = vals[i].r2c1;
+            r2c2s[i] = vals[i].r2c2;
+        }
+        return (r1c1s, r1c2s, r2c1s, r2c2s);
+    }
+
+    public Matrix2x2 Adjugate() => Cofactor().Transpose();
+    public Matrix2x2 Cofactor()
+    {
+        Matrix2x2 swapped = new(new[,]
+        {
+            { r2c2, r2c1 },
+            { r1c2, r1c1 }
+        });
+        return swapped ^ SignGrid;
+    }
+    public float Determinant() => r1c1 * r2c2 - r1c2 * r2c1;
+    public Matrix2x2? Inverse()
+    {
+        float d = Determinant();
+        if (d == 0) return null;
+        return Transpose().Adjugate() / d;
+    }
+    public Matrix2x2 Transpose() => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { r1c1, r2c1 },
+        { r1c2, r2c2 }
+    });
+
+    public float[] GetColumn(int column) => new[] { this[0, column], this[1, column] };
+    public float[] GetRow(int row) => new[] { this[row, 0], this[row, 1] };
+
+    public void SetColumn(int column, float[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 2)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the column.");
+        this[0, column] = vals[0];
+        this[1, column] = vals[1];
+    }
+    public void SetRow(int row, float[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 2)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the row.");
+        this[row, 0] = vals[0];
+        this[row, 1] = vals[1];
+    }
+
+    public Matrix2x2 AddRow(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor = 1)
+    {
+        Matrix2x2 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowToChange) return @this[r, c] += factor * @this[referenceRow, c];
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void AddRowMutable(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor)
+    {
+        this[rowToChange, 0] += this[referenceRow, 0] * factor;
+        this[rowToChange, 1] += this[referenceRow, 1] * factor;
+    }
+    public Matrix2x2 ScaleRow(int rowIndex, float factor)
+    {
+        Matrix2x2 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowIndex) return @this[r, c] * factor;
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void ScaleRowMutable(int rowIndex, float factor)
+    {
+        this[rowIndex, 0] *= factor;
+        this[rowIndex, 1] *= factor;
+    }
+    public Matrix2x2 SwapRows(int rowA, int rowB)
+    {
+        Matrix2x2 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowA) return @this[rowB, c];
+            else if (r == rowB) return @this[rowA, c];
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void SwapRowsMutable(int rowA, int rowB)
+    {
+        float[] dataA = GetRow(rowA), dataB = GetRow(rowB);
+        SetRow(rowA, dataB);
+        SetRow(rowB, dataA);
+    }
+
+    public virtual bool Equals(Matrix2x2? other)
+    {
+        if (other is null) return false;
+        return r1c1 == other.r1c1 && r1c2 == other.r1c2 && r2c1 == other.r2c1 && r2c2 == other.r2c2;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+    public override string ToString() => r1c1 + " " + r1c2 + "\n" + r2c1 + " " + r2c2;
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return r1c1;
+        yield return r1c2;
+        yield return r2c1;
+        yield return r2c2;
+    }
+
+    public float[] ToArray() => new[] { r1c1, r1c2, r2c1, r2c2 };
+    public float[,] ToArray2D() => new[,]
+    {
+        { r1c1, r1c2 },
+        { r2c1, r2c2 }
+    };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill() => ToFillExtension.ToFill(this);
+    public Fill2d<float> ToFill2D()
+    {
+        Matrix2x2 @this = this;
+        return (x, y) => @this[x, y];
+    }
+    public List<float> ToList() => new() { r1c1, r1c2, r2c1, r2c2 };
+
+    public static Matrix2x2 operator +(Matrix2x2 a, Matrix2x2 b) => new(a.r1c1 + b.r1c1, a.r1c2 + b.r1c2,
+        a.r2c1 + b.r2c1, a.r2c2 + b.r2c2);
+    public static Matrix2x2? operator -(Matrix2x2 m) => m.Inverse();
+    public static Matrix2x2 operator -(Matrix2x2 a, Matrix2x2 b) => new(a.r1c1 - b.r1c1, a.r1c2 - b.r1c2,
+        a.r2c1 - b.r2c1, a.r2c2 - b.r2c2);
+    public static Matrix2x2 operator *(Matrix2x2 a, float b) => new(a.r1c1 * b, a.r1c2 * b, a.r2c1 * b, a.r2c2 * b);
+    public static Matrix2x2 operator *(Matrix2x2 a, Matrix2x2 b) => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { Float2.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column1), Float2.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column2) },
+        { Float2.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column1), Float2.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column2) },
+    });
+    public static Float2 operator *(Matrix2x2 a, Float2 b) => (Matrix)a * b;
+    public static Matrix2x2 operator /(Matrix2x2 a, float b) => new(a.r1c1 / b, a.r1c2 / b, a.r2c1 / b, a.r2c2 / b);
+    public static Matrix2x2 operator /(Matrix2x2 a, Matrix2x2 b)
+    {
+        Matrix2x2? bInv = b.Inverse();
+        if (bInv is null) throw new NoInverseException(b);
+        return a * bInv;
+    }
+    public static Float2 operator /(Matrix2x2 a, Float2 b) => (Matrix)a / b;
+    public static Matrix2x2 operator ^(Matrix2x2 a, Matrix2x2 b) => // Single number multiplication.
+        new(a.r1c1 * b.r1c1, a.r1c2 * b.r1c2, a.r2c1 * b.r2c1, a.r2c2 * b.r2c2);
+
+    public static explicit operator Matrix2x2(Matrix m)
+    {
+        Matrix2x2 res = Zero, identity = Identity;
+        for (int r = 0; r < 2; r++) for (int c = 0; c < 2; c++)
+                res[c, r] = m.Size.x > r && m.Size.y > c ? m[r, c] : identity[r, c];
+        return res;
+    }
+    public static explicit operator Matrix2x2(Matrix3x3 m) => new(m.r1c1, m.r2c1, m.r1c2, m.r2c2);
+    public static explicit operator Matrix2x2(Matrix4x4 m) => new(m.r1c1, m.r2c1, m.r1c2, m.r2c2);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Algebra/Matrix3x3.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,511 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Algebra;
+
+public record class Matrix3x3 : IStaticMatrix<Matrix3x3>
+{
+    public static Matrix3x3 Identity => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { 1, 0, 0 },
+        { 0, 1, 0 },
+        { 0, 0, 1 }
+    });
+    public static Matrix3x3 One => new(1);
+    public static Matrix3x3 SignGrid => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { +1, -1, +1 },
+        { -1, +1, -1 },
+        { +1, -1, +1 }
+    });
+    public static Matrix3x3 Zero => new(0);
+
+    public Float3 Column1
+    {
+        get => new(r1c1, r2c1, r3c1);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c1 = value.x;
+            r2c1 = value.y;
+            r3c1 = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float3 Column2
+    {
+        get => new(r1c2, r2c2, r3c2);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c2 = value.x;
+            r2c2 = value.y;
+            r3c2 = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float3 Column3
+    {
+        get => new(r1c3, r2c3, r3c3);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c3 = value.x;
+            r2c3 = value.y;
+            r3c3 = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float3 Row1
+    {
+        get => new(r1c1, r1c2, r1c3);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c1 = value.x;
+            r1c2 = value.y;
+            r1c3 = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float3 Row2
+    {
+        get => new(r2c1, r2c2, r2c3);
+        set
+        {
+            r2c1 = value.x;
+            r2c2 = value.y;
+            r2c3 = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float3 Row3
+    {
+        get => new(r3c1, r3c2, r3c3);
+        set
+        {
+            r3c1 = value.x;
+            r3c2 = value.y;
+            r3c3 = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Int2 Size => (3, 3);
+
+    public float r1c1, r2c1, r3c1, r1c2, r2c2, r3c2, r1c3, r2c3, r3c3;
+
+    public Matrix3x3(float all) : this(all, all, all, all, all, all, all, all, all) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(float r1c1, float r1c2, float r1c3, float r2c1,
+        float r2c2, float r2c3, float r3c1, float r3c2, float r3c3)
+    {
+        this.r1c1 = r1c1;
+        this.r1c2 = r1c2;
+        this.r1c3 = r1c3;
+        this.r2c1 = r2c1;
+        this.r2c2 = r2c2;
+        this.r2c3 = r2c3;
+        this.r3c1 = r3c1;
+        this.r3c2 = r3c2;
+        this.r3c3 = r3c3;
+    }
+    public Matrix3x3(float[] nums) : this(nums[0], nums[1], nums[2],
+        nums[3], nums[4], nums[5], nums[6], nums[7], nums[8]) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(int[] nums) : this(nums[0], nums[1], nums[2],
+        nums[3], nums[4], nums[5], nums[6], nums[7], nums[8]) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Fill<float> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2),
+        fill(3), fill(4), fill(5), fill(6), fill(7), fill(8)) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2),
+        fill(3), fill(4), fill(5), fill(6), fill(7), fill(8)) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(float[,] nums) : this(nums[0, 0], nums[0, 1], nums[0, 2],
+        nums[1, 0], nums[1, 1], nums[1, 2], nums[2, 0], nums[2, 1], nums[2, 2]) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(int[,] nums) : this(nums[0, 0], nums[0, 1], nums[0, 2],
+        nums[1, 0], nums[1, 1], nums[1, 2], nums[2, 0], nums[2, 1], nums[2, 2]) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Fill2d<float> fill) : this(fill(0, 0), fill(0, 1), fill(0, 2),
+        fill(1, 0), fill(1, 1), fill(1, 2), fill(2, 0), fill(2, 1), fill(2, 2)) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Fill2d<int> fill) : this(fill(0, 0), fill(0, 1), fill(0, 2),
+        fill(1, 0), fill(1, 1), fill(1, 2), fill(2, 0), fill(2, 1), fill(2, 2)) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Float3 r1, Float3 r2, Float3 r3) : this(r1.x, r1.y, r1.z, r2.x, r2.y, r2.z, r3.x, r3.y, r3.z) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Fill<Float3> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2)) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Fill<Int3> fill) : this((IEnumerable<int>)fill(0), fill(1), fill(2)) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(IEnumerable<float> r1, IEnumerable<float> r2, IEnumerable<float> r3)
+        : this(r1.ToFill(), r2.ToFill(), r3.ToFill()) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(IEnumerable<int> r1, IEnumerable<int> r2, IEnumerable<int> r3)
+        : this(r1.ToFill(), r2.ToFill(), r3.ToFill()) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Fill<float> r1, Fill<float> r2, Fill<float> r3)
+        : this(r1(0), r1(1), r1(2), r2(0), r2(1), r2(2), r3(0), r3(1), r3(2)) { }
+    public Matrix3x3(Fill<int> r1, Fill<int> r2, Fill<int> r3)
+        : this(r1(0), r1(1), r1(2), r2(0), r2(1), r2(2), r3(0), r3(1), r3(2)) { }
+
+    public float this[int r, int c]
+    {
+        get => ToArray2D()[r, c];
+        set
+        {
+            // Maybe this could be improved?
+            // It's definitely better than it was before. Trust me.
+            switch ("r" + (r + 1) + "c" + (c + 1))
+            {
+                case "r1c1":
+                    r1c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c1":
+                    r2c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r3c1":
+                    r3c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r1c2":
+                    r1c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c2":
+                    r2c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r3c2":
+                    r3c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r1c3":
+                    r1c3 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c3":
+                    r2c3 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r3c3":
+                    r3c3 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default:
+                    string @params = "";
+                    if (r < 0 || r > 2) @params += r;
+                    if (c < 0 || c > 2) @params += string.IsNullOrEmpty(@params) ? c : " and " + c;
+                    throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(@params);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public float this[Int2 index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.x, index.y];
+        set => this[index.x, index.y] = value;
+    }
+    public float this[Index r, Index c]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int row = r.IsFromEnd ? 3 - r.Value : r.Value,
+                col = c.IsFromEnd ? 3 - c.Value : c.Value;
+            return this[row, col];
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int row = r.IsFromEnd ? 3 - r.Value : r.Value,
+                col = c.IsFromEnd ? 3 - c.Value : c.Value;
+            this[row, col] = value;
+        }
+    }
+    public float[,] this[Range rs, Range cs]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int rowStart = rs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 3 - rs.Start.Value : rs.Start.Value,
+                rowEnd = rs.End.IsFromEnd ? 3 - rs.End.Value : rs.End.Value,
+                colStart = cs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 3 - cs.Start.Value : cs.Start.Value,
+                colEnd = cs.End.IsFromEnd ? 3 - cs.End.Value : cs.End.Value;
+
+            float[,] vals = new float[rowEnd - rowStart - 1, colEnd - colStart - 1];
+            for (int r = rowStart; r < rowEnd; r++)
+                for (int c = colStart; c < colEnd; c++)
+                    vals[r, c] = this[r, c];
+            return vals;
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int rowStart = rs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 3 - rs.Start.Value : rs.Start.Value,
+                rowEnd = rs.End.IsFromEnd ? 3 - rs.End.Value : rs.End.Value,
+                colStart = cs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 3 - cs.Start.Value : cs.Start.Value,
+                colEnd = cs.End.IsFromEnd ? 3 - cs.End.Value : cs.End.Value;
+
+            for (int r = rowStart; r < rowEnd; r++)
+                for (int c = colStart; c < colEnd; c++)
+                    this[r, c] = value[r, c];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Matrix3x3 Absolute(Matrix3x3 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c2), Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c3),
+            Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c2), Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c3),
+            Mathf.Absolute(val.r3c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r3c2), Mathf.Absolute(val.r3c3));
+    public static Matrix3x3 Average(params Matrix3x3[] vals) => Sum(vals) / vals.Length;
+    public static Matrix3x3 Ceiling(Matrix3x3 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c2), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c3),
+            Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c2), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c3),
+            Mathf.Ceiling(val.r3c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r3c2), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r3c3));
+    public static Matrix3x3 Clamp(Matrix3x3 val, Matrix3x3 min, Matrix3x3 max) =>
+        new(Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c1, min.r1c1, max.r1c1), Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c2, min.r1c2, max.r1c2),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c3, min.r1c3, max.r1c3), Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c1, min.r2c1, max.r2c1),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c2, min.r2c2, max.r2c2), Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c3, min.r2c3, max.r2c3),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r3c1, min.r3c1, max.r3c1), Mathf.Clamp(val.r3c2, min.r3c2, max.r3c2),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r3c3, min.r3c3, max.r3c3));
+    public static Matrix3x3 Divide(Matrix3x3 num, params Matrix3x3[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Matrix3x3 m in vals) num /= m;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Matrix3x3 Floor(Matrix3x3 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.Floor(val.r1c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r1c2), Mathf.Floor(val.r1c3),
+            Mathf.Floor(val.r2c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r2c2), Mathf.Floor(val.r2c3),
+            Mathf.Floor(val.r3c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r3c2), Mathf.Floor(val.r3c3));
+    public static Matrix3x3 Lerp(Matrix3x3 a, Matrix3x3 b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c1, b.r1c1, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c2, b.r1c2, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c3, b.r1c3, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c1, b.r2c1, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c2, b.r2c2, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c3, b.r2c3, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r3c1, b.r3c1, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r3c2, b.r3c2, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r3c3, b.r3c3, t, clamp));
+    public static Matrix3x3 Median(params Matrix3x3[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        Matrix3x3 valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+    public static Matrix3x3 Product(params Matrix3x3[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Matrix3x3 val = Identity;
+        foreach (Matrix3x3 m in vals) val *= m;
+        return val;
+    }
+    public static Matrix3x3 Round(Matrix3x3 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.Round(val.r1c1), Mathf.Round(val.r1c2), Mathf.Round(val.r1c3),
+            Mathf.Round(val.r2c1), Mathf.Round(val.r2c2), Mathf.Round(val.r2c3),
+            Mathf.Round(val.r3c1), Mathf.Round(val.r3c2), Mathf.Round(val.r3c3));
+    public static Matrix3x3 Subtract(Matrix3x3 num, params Matrix3x3[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Matrix3x3 m in vals) num -= m;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Matrix3x3 Sum(params Matrix3x3[] vals)
+    {
+        Matrix3x3 val = Zero;
+        foreach (Matrix3x3 m in vals) val += m;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static (float[] r1c1s, float[] r1c2s, float[] r1c3s, float[] r2c1s, float[] r2c2s,
+        float[] r2c3s, float[] r3c1s, float[] r3c2s, float[] r3c3s) SplitArray(params Matrix3x3[] vals)
+    {
+        float[] r1c1s = new float[vals.Length], r1c2s = new float[vals.Length], r1c3s = new float[vals.Length],
+                r2c1s = new float[vals.Length], r2c2s = new float[vals.Length], r2c3s = new float[vals.Length],
+                r3c1s = new float[vals.Length], r3c2s = new float[vals.Length], r3c3s = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            r1c1s[i] = vals[i].r1c1;
+            r1c2s[i] = vals[i].r1c2;
+            r1c3s[i] = vals[i].r1c3;
+            r2c1s[i] = vals[i].r2c1;
+            r2c2s[i] = vals[i].r2c2;
+            r2c3s[i] = vals[i].r2c3;
+            r3c1s[i] = vals[i].r3c1;
+            r3c2s[i] = vals[i].r3c2;
+            r3c3s[i] = vals[i].r3c3;
+        }
+        return (r1c1s, r1c2s, r1c3s, r2c1s, r2c2s, r2c3s, r3c1s, r3c2s, r3c3s);
+    }
+
+    public Matrix3x3 Adjugate() => Cofactor().Transpose();
+    public Matrix3x3 Cofactor()
+    {
+        Matrix3x3 dets = Zero;
+        Matrix2x2[,] minors = Minors();
+        for (int r = 0; r < 3; r++) for (int c = 0; c < 3; c++) dets[r, c] = minors[r, c].Determinant();
+        return dets ^ SignGrid;
+    }
+    public float Determinant()
+    {
+        Matrix2x2[,] minors = Minors();
+        return (r1c1 * minors[0, 0].Determinant()) - (r1c2 * minors[0, 1].Determinant())
+             + (r1c3 * minors[0, 2].Determinant());
+    }
+    public Matrix3x3? Inverse()
+    {
+        float d = Determinant();
+        if (d == 0) return null;
+        return Adjugate() / d;
+    }
+    public Matrix2x2[,] Minors() => new Matrix2x2[,]
+    {
+        { new(r2c2, r2c3, r3c2, r3c3), new(r2c1, r2c3, r3c1, r3c3), new(r2c1, r2c2, r3c1, r3c2) },
+        { new(r1c2, r1c3, r3c2, r3c3), new(r1c1, r1c3, r3c1, r3c3), new(r1c1, r1c2, r3c1, r3c2) },
+        { new(r1c2, r1c3, r2c2, r2c3), new(r1c1, r1c3, r2c1, r2c3), new(r1c1, r1c2, r2c1, r2c2) }
+    };
+    public Matrix3x3 Transpose() => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { r1c1, r2c1, r3c1 },
+        { r1c2, r2c2, r3c2 },
+        { r1c3, r2c3, r3c3 }
+    });
+
+    public float[] GetColumn(int column) => new[] { this[0, column], this[1, column], this[2, column] };
+    public float[] GetRow(int row) => new[] { this[row, 0], this[row, 1], this[row, 2] };
+
+    public void SetColumn(int column, float[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 3)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the column.");
+
+        this[0, column] = vals[0];
+        this[1, column] = vals[1];
+        this[2, column] = vals[2];
+    }
+    public void SetRow(int row, float[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 3)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the row.");
+
+        this[row, 0] = vals[0];
+        this[row, 1] = vals[1];
+        this[row, 2] = vals[2];
+    }
+
+    public Matrix3x3 AddRow(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor = 1)
+    {
+        Matrix3x3 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowToChange) return @this[r, c] += factor * @this[referenceRow, c];
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void AddRowMutable(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor)
+    {
+        this[rowToChange, 0] += this[referenceRow, 0] * factor;
+        this[rowToChange, 1] += this[referenceRow, 1] * factor;
+        this[rowToChange, 2] += this[referenceRow, 2] * factor;
+    }
+    public Matrix3x3 ScaleRow(int rowIndex, float factor)
+    {
+        Matrix3x3 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowIndex) return @this[r, c] * factor;
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void ScaleRowMutable(int rowIndex, float factor)
+    {
+        this[rowIndex, 0] *= factor;
+        this[rowIndex, 1] *= factor;
+        this[rowIndex, 2] *= factor;
+    }
+    public Matrix3x3 SwapRows(int rowA, int rowB)
+    {
+        Matrix3x3 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowA) return @this[rowB, c];
+            else if (r == rowB) return @this[rowA, c];
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void SwapRowsMutable(int rowA, int rowB)
+    {
+        float[] dataA = GetRow(rowA), dataB = GetRow(rowB);
+        SetRow(rowA, dataB);
+        SetRow(rowB, dataA);
+    }
+
+    public virtual bool Equals(Matrix3x3? other)
+    {
+        if (other is null) return false;
+        return r1c1 == other.r1c1 && r1c2 == other.r1c2 && r1c3 == other.r1c3 &&
+               r2c1 == other.r2c1 && r2c2 == other.r2c2 && r2c3 == other.r2c3 &&
+               r3c1 == other.r3c1 && r3c2 == other.r3c2 && r3c3 == other.r3c3;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+    public override string ToString() =>
+        r1c1 + " " + r1c2 + " " + r1c3 + "\n" +
+        r2c1 + " " + r2c2 + " " + r2c3 + "\n" +
+        r3c1 + " " + r3c2 + " " + r3c3;
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return r1c1;
+        yield return r1c2;
+        yield return r1c3;
+        yield return r2c1;
+        yield return r2c2;
+        yield return r2c3;
+        yield return r3c1;
+        yield return r3c2;
+        yield return r3c3;
+    }
+
+    public float[] ToArray() => new[] { r1c1, r1c2, r1c3, r2c1, r2c2, r2c3, r3c1, r3c2, r3c3 };
+    public float[,] ToArray2D() => new[,]
+    {
+        { r1c1, r1c2, r1c3 },
+        { r2c1, r2c2, r2c3 },
+        { r3c1, r3c2, r3c3 }
+    };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill() => ToFillExtension.ToFill(this);
+    public Fill2d<float> ToFill2D()
+    {
+        Matrix3x3 @this = this;
+        return (x, y) => @this[x, y];
+    }
+    public List<float> ToList() => new() { r1c1, r1c2, r1c3, r2c1, r2c2, r2c3, r3c1, r3c2, r3c3 };
+
+    public static Matrix3x3 operator +(Matrix3x3 a, Matrix3x3 b) =>
+        new(a.r1c1 + b.r1c1, a.r1c2 + b.r1c2, a.r1c3 + b.r1c3,
+            a.r2c1 + b.r2c1, a.r2c2 + b.r2c2, a.r2c3 + b.r2c3,
+            a.r3c1 + b.r3c1, a.r3c2 + b.r3c2, a.r3c3 + b.r3c3);
+    public static Matrix3x3? operator -(Matrix3x3 m) => m.Inverse();
+    public static Matrix3x3 operator -(Matrix3x3 a, Matrix3x3 b) =>
+        new(a.r1c1 - b.r1c1, a.r1c2 - b.r1c2, a.r1c3 - b.r1c3,
+            a.r2c1 - b.r2c1, a.r2c2 - b.r2c2, a.r2c3 - b.r2c3,
+            a.r3c1 - b.r3c1, a.r3c2 - b.r3c2, a.r3c3 - b.r3c3);
+    public static Matrix3x3 operator *(Matrix3x3 a, float b) =>
+        new(a.r1c1 * b, a.r1c2 * b, a.r1c3 * b,
+            a.r2c1 * b, a.r2c2 * b, a.r2c3 * b,
+            a.r3c1 * b, a.r3c2 * b, a.r3c3 * b);
+    public static Matrix3x3 operator *(Matrix3x3 a, Matrix3x3 b) => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { Float3.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column1), Float3.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column2), Float3.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column3) },
+        { Float3.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column1), Float3.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column2), Float3.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column3) },
+        { Float3.Dot(a.Row3, b.Column1), Float3.Dot(a.Row3, b.Column2), Float3.Dot(a.Row3, b.Column3) },
+    });
+    public static Float3 operator *(Matrix3x3 a, Float3 b) => (Matrix)a * b;
+    public static Matrix3x3 operator /(Matrix3x3 a, float b) =>
+        new(a.r1c1 / b, a.r1c2 / b, a.r1c3 / b,
+            a.r2c1 / b, a.r2c2 / b, a.r2c3 / b,
+            a.r3c1 / b, a.r3c2 / b, a.r3c3 / b);
+    public static Matrix3x3 operator /(Matrix3x3 a, Matrix3x3 b)
+    {
+        Matrix3x3? bInv = b.Inverse();
+        if (bInv is null) throw new NoInverseException(b);
+        return a * bInv;
+    }
+    public static Float3 operator /(Matrix3x3 a, Float3 b) => (Matrix)a / b;
+    public static Matrix3x3 operator ^(Matrix3x3 a, Matrix3x3 b) => // Single number multiplication
+        new(a.r1c1 * b.r1c1, a.r1c2 * b.r1c2, a.r1c3 * b.r1c3,
+            a.r2c1 * b.r2c1, a.r2c2 * b.r2c2, a.r2c3 * b.r2c3,
+            a.r3c1 * b.r3c1, a.r3c2 * b.r3c2, a.r3c3 * b.r3c3);
+
+    public static explicit operator Matrix3x3(Matrix m)
+    {
+        Matrix3x3 res = Zero, identity = Identity;
+        for (int r = 0; r < 3; r++) for (int c = 0; c < 3; c++)
+                res[c, r] = m.Size.x > r && m.Size.y > c ? m[r, c] : identity[r, c];
+        return res;
+    }
+    public static implicit operator Matrix3x3(Matrix2x2 m)
+    {
+        Matrix3x3 identity = Identity;
+        return new(new[,]
+        {
+            { m.r1c1, m.r1c2, identity.r1c3 },
+            { m.r2c1, m.r2c2, identity.r2c3 },
+            { identity.r3c1, identity.r3c2, identity.r3c3 }
+        });
+    }
+    public static explicit operator Matrix3x3(Matrix4x4 m) => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { m.r1c1, m.r1c2, m.r1c3 },
+        { m.r2c1, m.r2c2, m.r2c3 },
+        { m.r3c1, m.r3c2, m.r3c3 }
+    });
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Algebra/Matrix4x4.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,672 @@
+using System.Data.Common;
+
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Algebra;
+
+public record class Matrix4x4 : IStaticMatrix<Matrix4x4>
+{
+    public static Matrix4x4 Identity => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { 1, 0, 0, 0 },
+        { 0, 1, 0, 0 },
+        { 0, 0, 1, 0 },
+        { 0, 0, 0, 1 },
+    });
+    public static Matrix4x4 One => new(1);
+    public static Matrix4x4 SignGrid => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { +1, -1, +1, -1 },
+        { -1, +1, -1, +1 },
+        { +1, -1, +1, -1 },
+        { -1, +1, -1, +1 }
+    });
+    public static Matrix4x4 Zero => new(0);
+
+    public Float4 Column1
+    {
+        get => new(r1c1, r2c1, r3c1, r4c1);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c1 = value.x;
+            r2c1 = value.y;
+            r3c1 = value.z;
+            r4c1 = value.w;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float4 Column2
+    {
+        get => new(r1c2, r2c2, r3c2, r4c2);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c2 = value.x;
+            r2c2 = value.y;
+            r3c2 = value.z;
+            r4c2 = value.w;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float4 Column3
+    {
+        get => new(r1c3, r2c3, r3c3, r4c3);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c3 = value.x;
+            r2c3 = value.y;
+            r3c3 = value.z;
+            r4c3 = value.w;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float4 Column4
+    {
+        get => new(r1c4, r2c4, r3c4, r4c4);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c4 = value.x;
+            r2c4 = value.y;
+            r3c4 = value.z;
+            r4c4 = value.w;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float4 Row1
+    {
+        get => new(r1c1, r1c2, r1c3, r1c4);
+        set
+        {
+            r1c1 = value.x;
+            r1c2 = value.y;
+            r1c3 = value.z;
+            r1c4 = value.w;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float4 Row2
+    {
+        get => new(r2c1, r2c2, r2c3, r2c4);
+        set
+        {
+            r2c1 = value.x;
+            r2c2 = value.y;
+            r2c3 = value.z;
+            r2c4 = value.w;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float4 Row3
+    {
+        get => new(r3c1, r3c2, r3c3, r3c4);
+        set
+        {
+            r3c1 = value.x;
+            r3c2 = value.y;
+            r3c3 = value.z;
+            r3c4 = value.w;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float4 Row4
+    {
+        get => new(r4c1, r4c2, r4c3, r4c4);
+        set
+        {
+            r4c1 = value.x;
+            r4c2 = value.y;
+            r4c3 = value.z;
+            r4c4 = value.w;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public Int2 Size => (4, 4);
+
+    public float r1c1, r2c1, r3c1, r4c1, r1c2, r2c2, r3c2, r4c2, r1c3, r2c3, r3c3, r4c3, r1c4, r2c4, r3c4, r4c4;
+
+    public Matrix4x4(float all) : this(all, all, all, all, all,
+        all, all, all, all, all, all, all, all, all, all, all) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(float r1c1, float r1c2, float r1c3, float r1c4, float r2c1, float r2c2, float r2c3,
+        float r2c4, float r3c1, float r3c2, float r3c3, float r3c4, float r4c1, float r4c2, float r4c3, float r4c4)
+    {
+        this.r1c1 = r1c1;
+        this.r2c1 = r2c1;
+        this.r3c1 = r3c1;
+        this.r4c1 = r4c1;
+        this.r1c2 = r1c2;
+        this.r2c2 = r2c2;
+        this.r3c2 = r3c2;
+        this.r4c2 = r4c2;
+        this.r1c3 = r1c3;
+        this.r2c3 = r2c3;
+        this.r3c3 = r3c3;
+        this.r4c3 = r4c3;
+        this.r1c4 = r1c4;
+        this.r2c4 = r2c4;
+        this.r3c4 = r3c4;
+        this.r4c4 = r4c4;
+    }
+    public Matrix4x4(float[] nums) : this(nums[0], nums[1], nums[2], nums[3], nums[4], nums[5], nums[6],
+        nums[7], nums[8], nums[9], nums[10], nums[11], nums[12], nums[13], nums[14], nums[15]) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(int[] nums) : this(nums[0], nums[1], nums[2], nums[3], nums[4], nums[5], nums[6],
+        nums[7], nums[8], nums[9], nums[10], nums[11], nums[12], nums[13], nums[14], nums[15]) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Fill<float> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3), fill(4), fill(5), fill(6),
+        fill(7), fill(8), fill(9), fill(10), fill(11), fill(12), fill(13), fill(14), fill(15)) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3), fill(4), fill(5), fill(6),
+        fill(7), fill(8), fill(9), fill(10), fill(11), fill(12), fill(13), fill(14), fill(15)) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(float[,] nums) : this(nums[0, 0], nums[0, 1], nums[0, 2], nums[0, 3], nums[1, 0],
+        nums[1, 1], nums[1, 2], nums[1, 3], nums[2, 0], nums[2, 1], nums[2, 2], nums[2, 3], nums[3, 0],
+        nums[3, 1], nums[3, 2], nums[3, 3]) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(int[,] nums) : this(nums[0, 0], nums[0, 1], nums[0, 2], nums[0, 3], nums[1, 0],
+        nums[1, 1], nums[1, 2], nums[1, 3], nums[2, 0], nums[2, 1], nums[2, 2], nums[2, 3], nums[3, 0],
+        nums[3, 1], nums[3, 2], nums[3, 3]) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Fill2d<float> fill) : this(fill(0, 0), fill(0, 1), fill(0, 2), fill(0, 3), fill(1, 0),
+        fill(1, 1), fill(1, 2), fill(1, 3), fill(2, 0), fill(2, 1), fill(2, 2), fill(2, 3), fill(3, 0),
+        fill(3, 1), fill(3, 2), fill(3, 3)) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Fill2d<int> fill) : this(fill(0, 0), fill(0, 1), fill(0, 2), fill(0, 3), fill(1, 0),
+        fill(1, 1), fill(1, 2), fill(1, 3), fill(2, 0), fill(2, 1), fill(2, 2), fill(2, 3), fill(3, 0),
+        fill(3, 1), fill(3, 2), fill(3, 3)) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Float4 r1, Float4 r2, Float4 r3, Float4 r4) : this(r1.x, r1.y, r1.z,
+        r1.w, r2.x, r2.y, r2.z, r2.w, r3.x, r3.y, r3.z, r3.w, r4.x, r4.y, r4.z, r4.w) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Fill<Float4> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Fill<Int4> fill) : this((IEnumerable<int>)fill(0), fill(1), fill(2), fill(3)) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(IEnumerable<float> r1, IEnumerable<float> r2, IEnumerable<float> r3, IEnumerable<float> r4)
+        : this(r1.ToFill(), r2.ToFill(), r3.ToFill(), r4.ToFill()) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(IEnumerable<int> r1, IEnumerable<int> r2, IEnumerable<int> r3, IEnumerable<int> r4)
+        : this(r1.ToFill(), r2.ToFill(), r3.ToFill(), r4.ToFill()) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Fill<float> r1, Fill<float> r2, Fill<float> r3, Fill<float> r4) : this(r1(0), r1(1),
+        r1(2), r1(3), r2(0), r2(1), r2(2), r2(3), r3(0), r3(1), r3(2), r3(3), r4(0), r4(1), r4(2), r4(3)) { }
+    public Matrix4x4(Fill<int> r1, Fill<int> r2, Fill<int> r3, Fill<int> r4) : this(r1(0), r1(1),
+        r1(2), r1(3), r2(0), r2(1), r2(2), r2(3), r3(0), r3(1), r3(2), r3(3), r4(0), r4(1), r4(2), r4(3)) { }
+
+    public float this[int r, int c]
+    {
+        get => ToArray2D()[r, c];
+        set
+        {
+            // Maybe this could be improved?
+            // It's definitely better than it was before. Trust me.
+            switch ("r" + (r + 1) + "c" + (c + 1))
+            {
+                case "r1c1":
+                    r1c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c1":
+                    r2c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r3c1":
+                    r3c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r4c1":
+                    r4c1 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r1c2":
+                    r1c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c2":
+                    r2c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r3c2":
+                    r3c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r4c2":
+                    r4c2 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r1c3":
+                    r1c3 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c3":
+                    r2c3 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r3c3":
+                    r3c3 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r4c3":
+                    r4c3 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r1c4":
+                    r1c4 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r2c4":
+                    r2c4 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r3c4":
+                    r3c4 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case "r4c4":
+                    r4c4 = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default:
+                    string @params = "";
+                    if (r < 0 || r > 2) @params += r;
+                    if (c < 0 || c > 2) @params += string.IsNullOrEmpty(@params) ? c : " and " + c;
+                    throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(@params);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public float this[Int2 index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.x, index.y];
+        set => this[index.x, index.y] = value;
+    }
+    public float this[Index r, Index c]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int row = r.IsFromEnd ? 4 - r.Value : r.Value,
+                col = c.IsFromEnd ? 4 - c.Value : c.Value;
+            return this[row, col];
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int row = r.IsFromEnd ? 4 - r.Value : r.Value,
+                col = c.IsFromEnd ? 4 - c.Value : c.Value;
+            this[row, col] = value;
+        }
+    }
+    public float[,] this[Range rs, Range cs]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int rowStart = rs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - rs.Start.Value : rs.Start.Value,
+                rowEnd = rs.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - rs.End.Value : rs.End.Value,
+                colStart = cs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - cs.Start.Value : cs.Start.Value,
+                colEnd = cs.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - cs.End.Value : cs.End.Value;
+
+            float[,] vals = new float[rowEnd - rowStart - 1, colEnd - colStart - 1];
+            for (int r = rowStart; r < rowEnd; r++)
+                for (int c = colStart; c < colEnd; c++)
+                    vals[r, c] = this[r, c];
+            return vals;
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int rowStart = rs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - rs.Start.Value : rs.Start.Value,
+                rowEnd = rs.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - rs.End.Value : rs.End.Value,
+                colStart = cs.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - cs.Start.Value : cs.Start.Value,
+                colEnd = cs.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - cs.End.Value : cs.End.Value;
+
+            for (int r = rowStart; r < rowEnd; r++)
+                for (int c = colStart; c < colEnd; c++)
+                    this[r, c] = value[r, c];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Matrix4x4 Absolute(Matrix4x4 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c2), Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c3), Mathf.Absolute(val.r1c4),
+            Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c2), Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c3), Mathf.Absolute(val.r2c4),
+            Mathf.Absolute(val.r3c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r3c2), Mathf.Absolute(val.r3c3), Mathf.Absolute(val.r3c4),
+            Mathf.Absolute(val.r4c1), Mathf.Absolute(val.r4c2), Mathf.Absolute(val.r4c3), Mathf.Absolute(val.r4c4));
+    public static Matrix4x4 Average(params Matrix4x4[] vals) => Sum(vals) / vals.Length;
+    public static Matrix4x4 Ceiling(Matrix4x4 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c2), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c3), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r1c4),
+            Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c2), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c3), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r2c4),
+            Mathf.Ceiling(val.r3c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r3c2), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r3c3), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r3c4),
+            Mathf.Ceiling(val.r4c1), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r4c2), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r4c3), Mathf.Ceiling(val.r4c4));
+    public static Matrix4x4 Clamp(Matrix4x4 val, Matrix4x4 min, Matrix4x4 max) =>
+        new(Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c1, min.r1c1, max.r1c1), Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c2, min.r1c2, max.r1c2),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c3, min.r1c3, max.r1c3), Mathf.Clamp(val.r1c4, min.r1c4, max.r1c4),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c1, min.r2c1, max.r2c1), Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c2, min.r2c2, max.r2c2),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c3, min.r2c3, max.r2c3), Mathf.Clamp(val.r2c4, min.r2c4, max.r2c4),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r3c1, min.r3c1, max.r3c1), Mathf.Clamp(val.r3c2, min.r3c2, max.r3c2),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r3c3, min.r3c3, max.r3c3), Mathf.Clamp(val.r3c4, min.r3c4, max.r3c4),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r4c1, min.r4c1, max.r4c1), Mathf.Clamp(val.r4c2, min.r4c2, max.r4c2),
+            Mathf.Clamp(val.r4c3, min.r4c3, max.r4c3), Mathf.Clamp(val.r4c4, min.r4c4, max.r4c4));
+    public static Matrix4x4 Divide(Matrix4x4 num, params Matrix4x4[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Matrix4x4 m in vals) num /= m;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Matrix4x4 Floor(Matrix4x4 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.Floor(val.r1c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r1c2), Mathf.Floor(val.r1c3), Mathf.Floor(val.r1c4),
+            Mathf.Floor(val.r2c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r2c2), Mathf.Floor(val.r2c3), Mathf.Floor(val.r2c4),
+            Mathf.Floor(val.r3c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r3c2), Mathf.Floor(val.r3c3), Mathf.Floor(val.r3c4),
+            Mathf.Floor(val.r4c1), Mathf.Floor(val.r4c2), Mathf.Floor(val.r4c3), Mathf.Floor(val.r4c4));
+    public static Matrix4x4 Lerp(Matrix4x4 a, Matrix4x4 b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c1, b.r1c1, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c2, b.r1c2, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c3, b.r1c3, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r1c4, b.r1c4, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c1, b.r2c1, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c2, b.r2c2, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c3, b.r2c3, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r2c4, b.r2c4, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r3c1, b.r3c1, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r3c2, b.r3c2, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r3c3, b.r3c3, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r3c4, b.r3c4, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r4c1, b.r4c1, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r4c2, b.r4c2, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.r4c3, b.r4c3, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.r4c4, b.r4c4, t, clamp));
+    public static Matrix4x4 Median(params Matrix4x4[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        Matrix4x4 valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+    public static Matrix4x4 Product(params Matrix4x4[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Matrix4x4 val = Identity;
+        foreach (Matrix4x4 m in vals) val *= m;
+        return val;
+    }
+    public static Matrix4x4 Round(Matrix4x4 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.Round(val.r1c1), Mathf.Round(val.r1c2), Mathf.Round(val.r1c3), Mathf.Round(val.r1c4),
+            Mathf.Round(val.r2c1), Mathf.Round(val.r2c2), Mathf.Round(val.r2c3), Mathf.Round(val.r2c4),
+            Mathf.Round(val.r3c1), Mathf.Round(val.r3c2), Mathf.Round(val.r3c3), Mathf.Round(val.r3c4),
+            Mathf.Round(val.r4c1), Mathf.Round(val.r4c2), Mathf.Round(val.r4c3), Mathf.Round(val.r4c4));
+    public static Matrix4x4 Subtract(Matrix4x4 num, params Matrix4x4[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Matrix4x4 m in vals) num -= m;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Matrix4x4 Sum(params Matrix4x4[] vals)
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 val = Zero;
+        foreach (Matrix4x4 m in vals) val += m;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static (float[] r1c1s, float[] r1c2, float[] r1c3, float[] r1c4, float[] r2c1, float[] r2c2s,
+        float[] r2c3, float[] r2c4, float[] r3c1, float[] r3c2, float[] r3c3s, float[] r3c4, float[] r4c1,
+        float[] r4c2, float[] r4c3, float[] r4c4s) SplitArray(params Matrix4x4[] vals)
+    {
+        float[] r1c1s = new float[vals.Length], r1c2s = new float[vals.Length], r1c3s = new float[vals.Length],
+                r1c4s = new float[vals.Length], r2c1s = new float[vals.Length], r2c2s = new float[vals.Length],
+                r2c3s = new float[vals.Length], r2c4s = new float[vals.Length], r3c1s = new float[vals.Length],
+                r3c2s = new float[vals.Length], r3c3s = new float[vals.Length], r3c4s = new float[vals.Length],
+                r4c1s = new float[vals.Length], r4c2s = new float[vals.Length], r4c3s = new float[vals.Length],
+                r4c4s = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            r1c1s[i] = vals[i].r1c1;
+            r1c2s[i] = vals[i].r1c2;
+            r1c3s[i] = vals[i].r1c3;
+            r1c4s[i] = vals[i].r1c4;
+            r2c1s[i] = vals[i].r2c1;
+            r2c2s[i] = vals[i].r2c2;
+            r2c3s[i] = vals[i].r2c3;
+            r2c4s[i] = vals[i].r2c4;
+            r3c1s[i] = vals[i].r3c1;
+            r3c2s[i] = vals[i].r3c2;
+            r3c3s[i] = vals[i].r3c3;
+            r3c4s[i] = vals[i].r3c4;
+            r4c1s[i] = vals[i].r4c1;
+            r4c2s[i] = vals[i].r4c2;
+            r4c3s[i] = vals[i].r4c3;
+            r4c4s[i] = vals[i].r4c4;
+        }
+        return (r1c1s, r1c2s, r1c3s, r1c4s, r2c1s, r2c2s, r2c3s, r2c4s,
+            r3c1s, r3c2s, r3c3s, r3c4s, r4c1s, r4c2s, r4c3s, r4c4s);
+    }
+
+    public Matrix4x4 Adjugate() => Cofactor().Transpose();
+    public Matrix4x4 Cofactor()
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 dets = Zero;
+        Matrix3x3[,] minors = Minors();
+        for (int r = 0; r < 4; r++) for (int c = 0; c < 4; c++) dets[r, c] = minors[r, c].Determinant();
+        return dets ^ SignGrid;
+    }
+    public float Determinant()
+    {
+        Matrix3x3[,] minors = Minors();
+        return (r1c1 * minors[0, 0].Determinant()) - (r1c2 * minors[0, 1].Determinant()) +
+               (r1c3 * minors[0, 2].Determinant()) - (r1c4 * minors[0, 3].Determinant());
+    }
+    public Matrix4x4? Inverse()
+    {
+        float d = Determinant();
+        if (d == 0) return null;
+        return Adjugate() / d;
+    }
+    public Matrix3x3[,] Minors() => new Matrix3x3[,]
+    {
+        {
+            new(r2c2, r2c3, r2c4, r3c2, r3c3, r3c4, r4c2, r4c3, r4c4),
+            new(r2c1, r2c3, r2c4, r3c1, r3c3, r3c4, r4c1, r4c3, r4c4),
+            new(r2c1, r2c2, r2c4, r3c1, r3c2, r3c4, r4c1, r4c2, r4c4),
+            new(r2c1, r2c2, r2c3, r3c1, r3c2, r3c3, r4c1, r4c2, r4c3)
+        },
+        {
+            new(r1c2, r1c3, r1c4, r3c2, r3c3, r3c4, r4c2, r4c3, r4c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c3, r1c4, r3c1, r3c3, r3c4, r4c1, r4c3, r4c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c2, r1c4, r3c1, r3c2, r3c4, r4c1, r4c2, r4c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c2, r1c3, r3c1, r3c2, r3c3, r4c1, r4c2, r4c3)
+        },
+        {
+            new(r1c2, r1c3, r1c4, r2c2, r2c3, r2c4, r4c2, r4c3, r4c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c3, r1c4, r2c1, r2c3, r2c4, r4c1, r4c3, r4c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c2, r1c4, r2c1, r2c2, r2c4, r4c1, r4c2, r4c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c2, r1c3, r2c1, r2c2, r2c3, r4c1, r4c2, r4c3)
+        },
+        {
+            new(r1c2, r1c3, r1c4, r2c2, r2c3, r2c4, r3c2, r3c3, r3c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c3, r1c4, r2c1, r2c3, r2c4, r3c1, r3c3, r3c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c2, r1c4, r2c1, r2c2, r2c4, r3c1, r3c2, r3c4),
+            new(r1c1, r1c2, r1c3, r2c1, r2c2, r2c3, r3c1, r3c2, r3c3)
+        }
+    };
+    public Matrix4x4 Transpose() => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { r1c1, r2c1, r3c1, r4c1 },
+        { r1c2, r2c2, r3c2, r4c2 },
+        { r1c3, r2c3, r3c3, r4c3 },
+        { r1c4, r2c4, r3c4, r4c4 }
+    });
+
+    public float[] GetColumn(int column) =>
+        new[] { this[0, column], this[1, column], this[2, column], this[3, column] };
+    public float[] GetRow(int row) =>
+        new[] { this[row, 0], this[row, 1], this[row, 2], this[row, 3] };
+
+    public void SetColumn(int column, float[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 4)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the column.");
+
+        this[0, column] = vals[0];
+        this[1, column] = vals[1];
+        this[2, column] = vals[2];
+        this[3, column] = vals[3];
+    }
+    public void SetRow(int row, float[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 4)
+            throw new InvalidSizeException("Array must contain enough values to fill the row.");
+
+        this[row, 0] = vals[0];
+        this[row, 1] = vals[1];
+        this[row, 2] = vals[2];
+        this[row, 3] = vals[3];
+    }
+
+    public Matrix4x4 AddRow(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor = 1)
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowToChange) return @this[r, c] += factor * @this[referenceRow, c];
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void AddRowMutable(int rowToChange, int referenceRow, float factor)
+    {
+        this[rowToChange, 0] += this[referenceRow, 0] * factor;
+        this[rowToChange, 1] += this[referenceRow, 1] * factor;
+        this[rowToChange, 2] += this[referenceRow, 2] * factor;
+        this[rowToChange, 3] += this[referenceRow, 3] * factor;
+    }
+    public Matrix4x4 ScaleRow(int rowIndex, float factor)
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowIndex) return @this[r, c] * factor;
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void ScaleRowMutable(int rowIndex, float factor)
+    {
+        this[rowIndex, 0] *= factor;
+        this[rowIndex, 1] *= factor;
+        this[rowIndex, 2] *= factor;
+        this[rowIndex, 3] *= factor;
+    }
+    public Matrix4x4 SwapRows(int rowA, int rowB)
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 @this = this;
+        return new(delegate (int r, int c)
+        {
+            if (r == rowA) return @this[rowB, c];
+            else if (r == rowB) return @this[rowA, c];
+            else return @this[r, c];
+        });
+    }
+    public void SwapRowsMutable(int rowA, int rowB)
+    {
+        float[] dataA = GetRow(rowA), dataB = GetRow(rowB);
+        SetRow(rowA, dataB);
+        SetRow(rowB, dataA);
+    }
+
+    public virtual bool Equals(Matrix4x4? other)
+    {
+        if (other is null) return false;
+        return r1c1 == other.r1c1 && r1c2 == other.r1c2 && r1c3 == other.r1c3 && r1c4 == other.r1c4 &&
+               r2c1 == other.r2c1 && r2c2 == other.r2c2 && r2c3 == other.r2c3 && r2c4 == other.r2c4 &&
+               r3c1 == other.r3c1 && r3c2 == other.r3c2 && r3c3 == other.r3c3 && r3c4 == other.r3c4 &&
+               r4c1 == other.r4c1 && r4c2 == other.r4c2 && r4c3 == other.r4c3 && r4c4 == other.r4c4;
+    }
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+    public override string ToString() =>
+        r1c1 + " " + r1c2 + " " + r1c3 + " " + r1c4 + "\n" +
+        r2c1 + " " + r2c2 + " " + r2c3 + " " + r2c4 + "\n" +
+        r3c1 + " " + r3c2 + " " + r3c3 + " " + r3c4 + "\n" +
+        r4c1 + " " + r4c2 + " " + r4c3 + " " + r4c4;
+
+    IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
+    public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
+    {
+        yield return r1c1;
+        yield return r1c2;
+        yield return r1c3;
+        yield return r1c4;
+        yield return r2c1;
+        yield return r2c2;
+        yield return r2c3;
+        yield return r2c4;
+        yield return r3c1;
+        yield return r3c2;
+        yield return r3c3;
+        yield return r3c4;
+        yield return r4c1;
+        yield return r4c2;
+        yield return r4c3;
+        yield return r4c4;
+    }
+
+    public float[] ToArray() => new[]
+    {
+        r1c1, r2c1, r3c1, r4c1,
+        r1c2, r2c2, r3c2, r4c2,
+        r1c3, r2c3, r3c3, r4c3,
+        r1c4, r2c4, r3c4, r4c4
+    };
+    public float[,] ToArray2D() => new[,]
+    {
+        { r1c1, r1c2, r1c3, r1c4 },
+        { r2c1, r2c2, r2c3, r2c4 },
+        { r3c1, r3c2, r3c3, r3c4 },
+        { r4c1, r4c2, r4c3, r4c4 }
+    };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill() => ToFillExtension.ToFill(this);
+    public Fill2d<float> ToFill2D()
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 @this = this;
+        return (x, y) => @this[x, y];
+    }
+    public List<float> ToList() => new()
+    {
+        r1c1, r2c1, r3c1, r4c1,
+        r1c2, r2c2, r3c2, r4c2,
+        r1c3, r2c3, r3c3, r4c3,
+        r1c4, r2c4, r3c4, r4c4
+    };
+
+    public static Matrix4x4 operator +(Matrix4x4 a, Matrix4x4 b) =>
+        new(a.r1c1 + b.r1c1, a.r1c2 + b.r1c2, a.r1c3 + b.r1c3, a.r1c4 + b.r1c4,
+            a.r2c1 + b.r2c1, a.r2c2 + b.r2c2, a.r2c3 + b.r2c3, a.r2c4 + b.r2c4,
+            a.r3c1 + b.r3c1, a.r3c2 + b.r3c2, a.r3c3 + b.r3c3, a.r3c4 + b.r3c4,
+            a.r4c1 + b.r4c1, a.r4c2 + b.r4c2, a.r4c3 + b.r4c3, a.r4c4 + b.r4c4);
+    public static Matrix4x4? operator -(Matrix4x4 m) => m.Inverse();
+    public static Matrix4x4 operator -(Matrix4x4 a, Matrix4x4 b) =>
+        new(a.r1c1 - b.r1c1, a.r1c2 - b.r1c2, a.r1c3 - b.r1c3, a.r1c4 - b.r1c4,
+            a.r2c1 - b.r2c1, a.r2c2 - b.r2c2, a.r2c3 - b.r2c3, a.r2c4 - b.r2c4,
+            a.r3c1 - b.r3c1, a.r3c2 - b.r3c2, a.r3c3 - b.r3c3, a.r3c4 - b.r3c4,
+            a.r4c1 - b.r4c1, a.r4c2 - b.r4c2, a.r4c3 - b.r4c3, a.r4c4 - b.r4c4);
+    public static Matrix4x4 operator *(Matrix4x4 a, float b) =>
+        new(a.r1c1 * b, a.r1c2 * b, a.r1c3 * b, a.r1c4 * b,
+            a.r2c1 * b, a.r2c2 * b, a.r2c3 * b, a.r2c4 * b,
+            a.r3c1 * b, a.r3c2 * b, a.r3c3 * b, a.r3c4 * b,
+            a.r4c1 * b, a.r4c2 * b, a.r4c3 * b, a.r4c4 * b);
+    public static Matrix4x4 operator *(Matrix4x4 a, Matrix4x4 b) => new(new[,]
+    {
+        { Float4.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column1), Float4.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column2),
+          Float4.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column3), Float4.Dot(a.Row1, b.Column4) },
+        { Float4.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column1), Float4.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column2),
+          Float4.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column3), Float4.Dot(a.Row2, b.Column4) },
+        { Float4.Dot(a.Row3, b.Column1), Float4.Dot(a.Row3, b.Column2),
+          Float4.Dot(a.Row3, b.Column3), Float4.Dot(a.Row3, b.Column4) },
+        { Float4.Dot(a.Row4, b.Column1), Float4.Dot(a.Row4, b.Column2),
+          Float4.Dot(a.Row4, b.Column3), Float4.Dot(a.Row4, b.Column4) }
+    });
+    public static Float4 operator *(Matrix4x4 a, Float4 b) => (Matrix)a * b;
+    public static Matrix4x4 operator /(Matrix4x4 a, float b) =>
+        new(a.r1c1 / b, a.r1c2 / b, a.r1c3 / b, a.r1c4 / b,
+            a.r2c1 / b, a.r2c2 / b, a.r2c3 / b, a.r2c4 / b,
+            a.r3c1 / b, a.r3c2 / b, a.r3c3 / b, a.r3c4 / b,
+            a.r4c1 / b, a.r4c2 / b, a.r4c3 / b, a.r4c4 / b);
+    public static Matrix4x4 operator /(Matrix4x4 a, Matrix4x4 b)
+    {
+        Matrix4x4? bInv = b.Inverse();
+        if (bInv is null) throw new NoInverseException(b);
+        return a * bInv;
+    }
+    public static Float4 operator /(Matrix4x4 a, Float4 b) => (Matrix)a / b;
+    public static Matrix4x4 operator ^(Matrix4x4 a, Matrix4x4 b) => // Single number multiplication
+        new(a.r1c1 * b.r1c1, a.r1c2 * b.r1c2, a.r1c3 * b.r1c3, a.r1c4 * b.r1c4,
+            a.r2c1 * b.r2c1, a.r2c2 * b.r2c2, a.r2c3 * b.r2c3, a.r2c4 * b.r2c4,
+            a.r3c1 * b.r3c1, a.r3c2 * b.r3c2, a.r3c3 * b.r3c3, a.r3c4 * b.r3c4,
+            a.r4c1 * b.r4c1, a.r4c2 * b.r4c2, a.r4c3 * b.r4c3, a.r4c4 * b.r4c4);
+
+    public static explicit operator Matrix4x4(Matrix m)
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 res = Zero, identity = Identity;
+        for (int r = 0; r < 4; r++) for (int c = 0; c < 4; c++)
+                res[c, r] = m.Size.x > r && m.Size.y > c ? m[r, c] : identity[r, c];
+        return res;
+    }
+    public static implicit operator Matrix4x4(Matrix2x2 m)
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 identity = Identity;
+        return new(new[,]
+        {
+            { m.r1c1, m.r1c2, identity.r1c3, identity.r1c4 },
+            { m.r2c1, m.r2c2, identity.r2c3, identity.r2c4 },
+            { identity.r3c1, identity.r3c2, identity.r3c3, identity.r3c4 },
+            { identity.r4c1, identity.r4c2, identity.r4c3, identity.r4c4 }
+        });
+    }
+    public static implicit operator Matrix4x4(Matrix3x3 m)
+    {
+        Matrix4x4 identity = Identity;
+        return new(new[,]
+        {
+            { m.r1c1, m.r1c2, m.r1c3, identity.r1c4 },
+            { m.r2c1, m.r2c2, m.r2c3, identity.r2c4 },
+            { m.r3c1, m.r3c2, m.r3c3, identity.r3c4 },
+            { identity.r4c1, identity.r4c2, identity.r4c3, identity.r4c4 }
+        });
+    }
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Algebra/Vector2d.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Algebra;
+
+public record struct Vector2d : IAbsolute<Vector2d>, IAverage<Vector2d>,
+    IClampMagnitude<Vector2d, float>, IComparable<Vector2d>, ICross<Vector2d, Vector3d>,
+    IDot<Vector2d, float>, IEquatable<Vector2d>, IFromTuple<Vector2d, (Angle angle, float mag)>,
+    ILerp<Vector2d, float>, IMax<Vector2d>, IMagnitude<float>, IMedian<Vector2d>, IMin<Vector2d>,
+    IPresets2d<Vector2d>, ISplittable<Vector2d, (Angle[] rots, float[] mags)>, ISubtract<Vector2d>,
+    ISum<Vector2d>
+{
+    public static Vector2d Down => new(Angle.Down);
+    public static Vector2d Left => new(Angle.Left);
+    public static Vector2d Right => new(Angle.Right);
+    public static Vector2d Up => new(Angle.Up);
+
+    public static Vector2d One => new(Angle.Zero);
+    public static Vector2d Zero => new(Angle.Zero, 0);
+
+    public float Magnitude
+    {
+        get => magnitude;
+        set => magnitude = value;
+    }
+
+    public Vector2d Inverse => new(-theta, magnitude);
+    public Vector2d Normalized => new(theta, 1);
+
+    public Angle theta;
+    public float magnitude;
+
+    public Vector2d(Angle theta, float mag = 1)
+    {
+        this.theta = theta;
+        magnitude = mag;
+    }
+    public Vector2d(float theta, Angle.Type rotType, float mag = 1) : this(new(theta, rotType), mag) { }
+
+    public static Vector2d Absolute(Vector2d val) => new(Angle.Absolute(val.theta), Mathf.Absolute(val.magnitude));
+    public static Vector2d Average(params Vector2d[] vals)
+    {
+        (Angle[] thetas, float[] Mags) = SplitArray(vals);
+        return new(Angle.Average(thetas), Mathf.Average(Mags));
+    }
+    public static Vector2d Ceiling(Vector2d val, Angle.Type angleRound = Angle.Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Angle.Ceiling(val.theta, angleRound), Mathf.Ceiling(val.magnitude));
+    public static Vector2d ClampMagnitude(Vector2d val, float minMag, float maxMag)
+    {
+        if (maxMag < minMag) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(maxMag),
+            nameof(maxMag) + " must be greater than or equal to " + nameof(minMag));
+        float mag = Mathf.Clamp(val.magnitude, minMag, maxMag);
+        return new(val.theta, mag);
+    }
+    public static Vector3d Cross(Vector2d a, Vector2d b, bool normalized = false) =>
+        Float2.Cross(a.ToXYZ(), b.ToXYZ(), normalized).ToVector();
+    public static float Dot(Vector2d a, Vector2d b) => Float2.Dot(a.ToXYZ(), b.ToXYZ());
+    public static float Dot(params Vector2d[] vals)
+    {
+        Float2[] floats = new Float2[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) floats[i] = vals[i].ToXYZ();
+        return Float2.Dot(floats);
+    }
+    public static Vector2d Floor(Vector2d val, Angle.Type angleRound = Angle.Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Angle.Floor(val.theta, angleRound), Mathf.Floor(val.magnitude));
+    public static Vector2d Lerp(Vector2d a, Vector2d b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Angle.Lerp(a.theta, b.theta, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.magnitude, b.magnitude, t, clamp));
+    public static Vector2d Median(params Vector2d[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        Vector2d valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+    public static Vector2d Max(params Vector2d[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Vector2d val = vals[0];
+        foreach (Vector2d f in vals) val = f > val ? f : val;
+        return val;
+    }
+    public static Vector2d Min(params Vector2d[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Vector2d val = vals[0];
+        foreach (Vector2d f in vals) val = f < val ? f : val;
+        return val;
+    }
+    public static Vector2d Round(Vector2d val, Angle.Type angleRound = Angle.Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Angle.Round(val.theta, angleRound), Mathf.Round(val.magnitude));
+    public static Vector2d Subtract(Vector2d num, params Vector2d[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Vector2d v in vals) num -= v;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Vector2d Sum(params Vector2d[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Vector2d val = One;
+        foreach (Vector2d v in vals) val += v;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static (Angle[] rots, float[] mags) SplitArray(params Vector2d[] vals)
+    {
+        Angle[] rots = new Angle[vals.Length];
+        float[] mags = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            rots[i] = vals[i].theta;
+            mags[i] = vals[i].magnitude;
+        }
+        return (rots, mags);
+    }
+
+    public int CompareTo(Vector2d other) => magnitude.CompareTo(other.magnitude);
+    public bool Equals(Vector2d other) => theta == other.theta && magnitude == other.magnitude;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+    public override string ToString() => ToString(Angle.Type.Degrees);
+    public string ToString(Angle.Type outputType) =>
+        nameof(Vector2d) + " { Mag = " + magnitude + ", Rot = " + theta.ToString(outputType) + " }";
+
+    public Float2 ToXYZ() => new Float2(Mathf.Cos(theta), Mathf.Sin(theta)) * magnitude;
+
+    public static Vector2d operator +(Vector2d a, Vector2d b) => new(a.theta + b.theta, a.magnitude + b.magnitude);
+    public static Vector2d operator -(Vector2d v) => v.Inverse;
+    public static Vector2d operator -(Vector2d a, Vector2d b) => new(a.theta - b.theta, a.magnitude - b.magnitude);
+    public static Vector2d operator *(Vector2d a, float b) => new(a.theta, a.magnitude * b);
+    public static Vector2d operator *(Vector2d a, Matrix b) => (Vector2d)((Matrix)a * b);
+    public static Vector2d operator /(Vector2d a, float b) => new(a.theta, a.magnitude / b);
+    public static Vector2d operator /(Vector2d a, Matrix b) => (Vector2d)((Matrix)a / b);
+    public static bool operator >(Vector2d a, Vector2d b) => a.CompareTo(b) > 0;
+    public static bool operator <(Vector2d a, Vector2d b) => a.CompareTo(b) < 0;
+    public static bool operator >=(Vector2d a, Vector2d b) => a == b || a > b;
+    public static bool operator <=(Vector2d a, Vector2d b) => a == b || a < b;
+
+    public static explicit operator Vector2d(Complex val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector2d(Float2 val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector2d(Float3 val) => (Vector2d)val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector2d(Int2 val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector2d(Int3 val) => (Vector2d)val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector2d(Matrix m) => ((Float2)m).ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector2d(Vert val) => (Vector2d)val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector2d(Vector3d val) => new(val.yaw, val.magnitude);
+    public static implicit operator Vector2d((Angle angle, float mag) val) => new(val.angle, val.mag);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Algebra/Vector3d.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics.Algebra;
+
+public record struct Vector3d : IAbsolute<Vector3d>, IAverage<Vector3d>, IClampMagnitude<Vector3d, float>,
+    IComparable<Vector3d>, ICross<Vector3d>, IDot<Vector3d, float>, IEquatable<Vector3d>,
+    IFromTuple<Vector3d, (Angle yaw, Angle pitch, float mag)>, IIndexAll<Angle>, IIndexRangeAll<Angle>,
+    ILerp<Vector3d, float>, IMagnitude<float>, IMax<Vector3d>, IMedian<Vector3d>, IMin<Vector3d>,
+    IPresets3d<Vector3d>, ISubtract<Vector3d>, ISum<Vector3d>
+{
+    public static Vector3d Back => new(Angle.Zero, Angle.Up);
+    public static Vector3d Down => new(Angle.Down, Angle.Zero);
+    public static Vector3d Forward => new(Angle.Zero, Angle.Down);
+    public static Vector3d Left => new(Angle.Left, Angle.Zero);
+    public static Vector3d Right => new(Angle.Right, Angle.Zero);
+    public static Vector3d Up => new(Angle.Up, Angle.Zero);
+
+    public static Vector3d One => new(Angle.Zero);
+    public static Vector3d Zero => new(Angle.Zero, 0);
+
+    public float Magnitude
+    {
+        get => magnitude;
+        set => magnitude = value;
+    }
+
+    public Vector3d Inverse => new(-yaw, -pitch, magnitude);
+    public Vector3d Normalized => new(yaw, pitch, 1);
+
+    public Angle yaw, pitch;
+    public float magnitude;
+
+    public Vector3d(Angle allRot, float mag = 1) : this(allRot, allRot, mag) { }
+    public Vector3d(float allRot, Angle.Type rotType, float mag = 1) : this(allRot, allRot, rotType, mag) { }
+    public Vector3d(Angle yaw, Angle pitch, float mag = 1)
+    {
+        this.yaw = yaw;
+        this.pitch = pitch;
+        magnitude = mag;
+    }
+    public Vector3d(float yaw, float pitch, Angle.Type rotType, float mag = 1)
+        : this(new Angle(yaw, rotType), new(pitch, rotType), mag) { }
+    public Vector3d(Float2 rots, Angle.Type rotType, float mag = 1) : this(rots.x, rots.y, rotType, mag) { }
+    public Vector3d(Fill<Angle> fill, float mag = 1) : this(fill(0), fill(1), mag) { }
+    public Vector3d(Fill<float> fill, Angle.Type rotType, float mag = 1) : this(fill(0), fill(1), rotType, mag) { }
+
+    public Angle this[int index]
+    {
+        get => index switch
+        {
+            0 => yaw,
+            1 => pitch,
+            _ => throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index)),
+        };
+        set
+        {
+            switch (index)
+            {
+                case 0:
+                    yaw = value;
+                    break;
+
+                case 1:
+                    pitch = value;
+                    break;
+
+                default: throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(nameof(index));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    public Angle this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 2 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 2 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public Angle[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 2 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 2 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<Angle> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 2 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 2 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static Vector3d Absolute(Vector3d val) => new(Angle.Absolute(val.yaw), Angle.Absolute(val.pitch),
+        Mathf.Absolute(val.magnitude));
+    public static Vector3d Average(params Vector3d[] vals)
+    {
+        (Angle[] Thetas, Angle[] Phis, float[] Mags) = SplitArray(vals);
+        return new(Angle.Average(Thetas), Angle.Average(Phis), Mathf.Average(Mags));
+    }
+    public static Vector3d Ceiling(Vector3d val, Angle.Type angleRound = Angle.Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Angle.Ceiling(val.yaw, angleRound), Angle.Ceiling(val.pitch, angleRound),
+            Mathf.Ceiling(val.magnitude));
+    public static Vector3d ClampMagnitude(Vector3d val, float minMag, float maxMag)
+    {
+        if (maxMag < minMag) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(maxMag),
+            nameof(maxMag) + " must be greater than or equal to " + nameof(minMag));
+        float mag = Mathf.Clamp(val.magnitude, minMag, maxMag);
+        return new(val.yaw, val.pitch, mag);
+    }
+    public static Vector3d Cross(Vector3d a, Vector3d b, bool normalized = false) =>
+        Float3.Cross(a.ToXYZ(), b.ToXYZ(), normalized).ToVector();
+    public static float Dot(Vector3d a, Vector3d b) => Float3.Dot(a.ToXYZ(), b.ToXYZ());
+    public static float Dot(params Vector3d[] vals)
+    {
+        Float3[] floats = new Float3[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) floats[i] = vals[i].ToXYZ();
+        return Float3.Dot(floats);
+    }
+    public static Vector3d Floor(Vector3d val, Angle.Type angleRound = Angle.Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Angle.Floor(val.yaw, angleRound), Angle.Floor(val.pitch, angleRound), Mathf.Floor(val.magnitude));
+    public static Vector3d Lerp(Vector3d a, Vector3d b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
+        new(Angle.Lerp(a.yaw, b.yaw, t, clamp), Angle.Lerp(a.pitch, b.pitch, t, clamp),
+            Mathf.Lerp(a.magnitude, b.magnitude, t, clamp));
+    public static Vector3d Median(params Vector3d[] vals)
+    {
+        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        Vector3d valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
+        return Average(valA, valB);
+    }
+    public static Vector3d Max(params Vector3d[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Vector3d val = vals[0];
+        foreach (Vector3d f in vals) val = f > val ? f : val;
+        return val;
+    }
+    public static Vector3d Min(params Vector3d[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Vector3d val = vals[0];
+        foreach (Vector3d f in vals) val = f < val ? f : val;
+        return val;
+    }
+    public static Vector3d Round(Vector3d val, Angle.Type angleRound = Angle.Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Angle.Round(val.yaw, angleRound), Angle.Round(val.pitch, angleRound), Mathf.Round(val.magnitude));
+    public static Vector3d Subtract(Vector3d num, params Vector3d[] vals)
+    {
+        foreach (Vector3d v in vals) num -= v;
+        return num;
+    }
+    public static Vector3d Sum(params Vector3d[] vals)
+    {
+        if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
+        Vector3d val = One;
+        foreach (Vector3d v in vals) val += v;
+        return val;
+    }
+
+    public static (Angle[] yaws, Angle[] pitches, float[] mags) SplitArray(params Vector3d[] vals)
+    {
+        Angle[] yaws = new Angle[vals.Length], pitches = new Angle[vals.Length];
+        float[] mags = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            yaws[i] = vals[i].yaw;
+            pitches[i] = vals[i].pitch;
+            mags[i] = vals[i].magnitude;
+        }
+        return (yaws, pitches, mags);
+    }
+
+    public int CompareTo(Vector3d other) => magnitude.CompareTo(other.magnitude);
+    public bool Equals(Vector3d other) => yaw == other.yaw && pitch == other.pitch
+        && magnitude == other.magnitude;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
+    public override string ToString() => ToString(Angle.Type.Degrees);
+    public string ToString(Angle.Type outputType) =>
+        nameof(Vector3d) + " { Mag = " + magnitude + ", Yaw = " + yaw.ToString(outputType) +
+        ", Pitch = " + pitch.ToString(outputType) + " }";
+
+    public Float3 ToXYZ() => new Float3(Mathf.Sin(pitch) * Mathf.Sin(yaw),
+                                        Mathf.Cos(yaw),
+                                        Mathf.Cos(pitch) * Mathf.Sin(yaw)) * magnitude;
+
+    public static Vector3d operator +(Vector3d a, Vector3d b) => new(a.yaw + b.yaw, a.pitch + b.pitch,
+        a.magnitude + b.magnitude);
+    public static Vector3d operator -(Vector3d v) => v.Inverse;
+    public static Vector3d operator -(Vector3d a, Vector3d b) => new(a.yaw - b.yaw, a.pitch - b.pitch,
+        a.magnitude - b.magnitude);
+    public static Vector3d operator *(Vector3d a, float b) => new(a.yaw, a.pitch, a.magnitude * b);
+    public static Vector3d operator *(Vector3d a, Matrix b) => (Vector3d)((Matrix)a * b);
+    public static Vector3d operator /(Vector3d a, float b) => new(a.yaw, a.pitch, a.magnitude / b);
+    public static Vector3d operator /(Vector3d a, Matrix b) => (Vector3d)((Matrix)a / b);
+    public static bool operator >(Vector3d a, Vector3d b) => a.CompareTo(b) > 0;
+    public static bool operator <(Vector3d a, Vector3d b) => a.CompareTo(b) < 0;
+    public static bool operator >=(Vector3d a, Vector3d b) => a == b || a > b;
+    public static bool operator <=(Vector3d a, Vector3d b) => a == b || a < b;
+
+    public static explicit operator Vector3d(Complex val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector3d(Float2 val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector3d(Float3 val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector3d(Int2 val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector3d(Int3 val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector3d(Matrix m) => ((Float3)m).ToVector();
+    public static explicit operator Vector3d(Vert val) => val.ToVector();
+    public static implicit operator Vector3d(Vector2d v) => new(v.theta, Angle.Zero, v.magnitude);
+    public static implicit operator Vector3d((Angle yaw, Angle pitch, float mag) val) =>
+        new(val.yaw, val.pitch, val.mag);
+}

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Angle.cs

@@ -1,7 +1,14 @@
 namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics;
 
-public struct Angle : ICloneable, IComparable<Angle>, IEquatable<Angle>
+public struct Angle : IAbsolute<Angle>, IAverage<Angle>, IClamp<Angle>, ICloneable,
+    IComparable<Angle>, IEquatable<Angle>, ILerp<Angle, float>, IMax<Angle>, IMedian<Angle>,
+    IMin<Angle>, IPresets2d<Angle>
 {
+    public static Angle Down => new(270);
+    public static Angle Left => new(180);
+    public static Angle Right => new(0);
+    public static Angle Up => new(90);
+
     public static Angle Full => new(360);
     public static Angle Half => new(180);
     public static Angle One => new(1);
@@ -18,87 +25,104 @@ public struct Angle : ICloneable, IComparable<Angle>, IEquatable<Angle>
         get => p_deg * 1.11111111111f; // Reciprocal of 9/10 as a constant (10/9)
         set => p_deg = value * 0.9f;
     }
+    public float Normalized
+    {
+        get => p_deg / 360;
+        set => p_deg = value * 360;
+    }
     public float Radians
     {
-            get => p_deg * Mathf.DegToRad;
-            set => p_deg = value * Mathf.RadToDeg;
+        get => p_deg * Constants.DegToRad;
+        set => p_deg = value * Constants.RadToDeg;
     }
 
-    public Angle Bounded => new(p_deg % 360);
+    public Angle Bounded => new(Mathf.AbsoluteMod(p_deg, 360));
+    public Angle Complimentary => Quarter - this;
+    public Angle Supplementary => Half - this;
+    public Angle Reflected => new Angle(-p_deg).Bounded;
 
     private float p_deg;
 
-    public Angle(float value, Type valueType = Type.Degrees)
-    {
-        p_deg = valueType switch
+    public Angle(float value, Type valueType = Type.Degrees) => p_deg = valueType switch
     {
         Type.Degrees => value,
         Type.Gradians => value * 0.9f,
-            Type.Radians => value * Mathf.RadToDeg,
+        Type.Normalized => value * 360,
+        Type.Radians => value * Constants.RadToDeg,
         _ => throw new ArgumentException("Unknown type.", nameof(valueType)),
     };
-    }
 
     public static Angle Absolute(Angle val) => new(Mathf.Absolute(val.p_deg));
-    public static Angle Average(params Angle[] vals) => new(Mathf.Average(ToDoubles(Type.Degrees, vals)));
-    public static Angle Ceiling(Angle val) => new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.p_deg));
+    public static Angle Average(params Angle[] vals) => new(Mathf.Average(SplitArray(Type.Degrees, vals)));
+    public static Angle Ceiling(Angle val, Type type = Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.ValueFromType(type)), type);
     public static Angle Clamp(Angle val, Angle min, Angle max) => new(Mathf.Clamp(val.p_deg, min.p_deg, max.p_deg));
-    public static Angle Floor(Angle val) => new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.p_deg));
+    public static Angle Floor(Angle val, Type type = Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Mathf.Floor(val.ValueFromType(type)), type);
     public static Angle Lerp(Angle a, Angle b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
         new(Mathf.Lerp(a.p_deg, b.p_deg, t, clamp));
-    public static Angle Max(params Angle[] vals) => new(Mathf.Max(ToDoubles(Type.Degrees, vals)));
-    public static Angle Median(params Angle[] vals) => new(Mathf.Median(ToDoubles(Type.Degrees, vals)));
-    public static Angle Min(params Angle[] vals) => new(Mathf.Min(ToDoubles(Type.Degrees, vals)));
+    public static Angle Max(params Angle[] vals) => Max(true, vals);
+    public static Angle Max(bool useBounded, params Angle[] vals)
+    {
+        if (!useBounded) return new(Mathf.Max(SplitArray(Type.Degrees, vals)));
 
-    public static float[] ToDoubles(Type outputType, params Angle[] vals)
+        Angle[] boundeds = new Angle[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) boundeds[i] = vals[i].Bounded;
+        return new(Mathf.Max(SplitArray(Type.Degrees, boundeds)));
+    }
+    public static Angle Median(params Angle[] vals) => new(Mathf.Median(SplitArray(Type.Degrees, vals)));
+    public static Angle Min(params Angle[] vals) => Min(true, vals);
+    public static Angle Min(bool useBounded, params Angle[] vals)
+    {
+        if (!useBounded) return new(Mathf.Min(SplitArray(Type.Degrees, vals)));
+
+        Angle[] boundeds = new Angle[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) boundeds[i] = vals[i].Bounded;
+        return new(Mathf.Min(SplitArray(Type.Degrees, boundeds)));
+    }
+    public static Angle Round(Angle val, Type type = Type.Degrees) =>
+        new(Mathf.Round(val.ValueFromType(type)), type);
+
+    public static float[] SplitArray(Type outputType, params Angle[] vals)
     {
         float[] res = new float[vals.Length];
-        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
-        {
-            res[i] = outputType switch
-            {
-                Type.Degrees => vals[i].Degrees,
-                Type.Gradians => vals[i].Gradians,
-                Type.Radians => vals[i].Radians,
-                _ => throw new ArgumentException("Unknown type.", nameof(outputType)),
-            };
-        }
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++) res[i] = vals[i].ValueFromType(outputType);
         return res;
     }
 
     public int CompareTo(Angle other) => p_deg.CompareTo(other.p_deg);
     public override bool Equals([NotNullWhen(true)] object? obj)
     {
-        if (obj == null || obj.GetType() != typeof(Angle)) return false;
+        if (obj == null || obj.GetType() != typeof(Angle)) return base.Equals(obj);
         return Equals((Angle)obj);
     }
     public bool Equals(Angle other) => p_deg == other.p_deg;
     public override int GetHashCode() => Degrees.GetHashCode() ^ Gradians.GetHashCode() ^ Radians.GetHashCode();
-    public override string ToString() => ToString((string?)null);
-    public string ToString(Type outputType) => ToString((string?)null, outputType);
-    public string ToString(string? provider, Type outputType = Type.Degrees) => outputType switch
+    public override string ToString() => ToString(Type.Degrees);
+    public string ToString(Type outputType) => outputType switch
     {
-        Type.Degrees => p_deg.ToString(provider),
-        Type.Gradians => Gradians.ToString(provider),
-        Type.Radians => Radians.ToString(provider),
-        _ => throw new ArgumentException("Unknown type.", nameof(outputType)),
-    };
-    public string ToString(IFormatProvider provider, Type outputType = Type.Degrees) => outputType switch
-    {
-        Type.Degrees => p_deg.ToString(provider),
-        Type.Gradians => Gradians.ToString(provider),
-        Type.Radians => Radians.ToString(provider),
+        Type.Degrees => p_deg + "°",
+        Type.Gradians => Gradians + "grad",
+        Type.Normalized => Normalized + "%",
+        Type.Radians => Radians + "rad",
         _ => throw new ArgumentException("Unknown type.", nameof(outputType)),
     };
 
     public object Clone() => new Angle(p_deg);
 
+    public float ValueFromType(Type type) => type switch
+    {
+        Type.Degrees => Degrees,
+        Type.Gradians => Gradians,
+        Type.Normalized => Normalized,
+        Type.Radians => Radians,
+        _ => throw new ArgumentException("Unknown type.", nameof(type))
+    };
+
     public static Angle operator +(Angle a, Angle b) => new(a.p_deg + b.p_deg);
-    public static Angle operator -(Angle a) => new(-a.p_deg);
+    public static Angle operator -(Angle a) => new(a.p_deg + 180);
     public static Angle operator -(Angle a, Angle b) => new(a.p_deg - b.p_deg);
-    public static Angle operator *(Angle a, Angle b) => new(a.p_deg * b.p_deg);
     public static Angle operator *(Angle a, float b) => new(a.p_deg * b);
-    public static Angle operator /(Angle a, Angle b) => new(a.p_deg / b.p_deg);
     public static Angle operator /(Angle a, float b) => new(a.p_deg / b);
     public static bool operator ==(Angle a, Angle b) => a.Equals(b);
     public static bool operator !=(Angle a, Angle b) => !a.Equals(b);
@@ -107,10 +131,13 @@ public struct Angle : ICloneable, IComparable<Angle>, IEquatable<Angle>
     public static bool operator >=(Angle a, Angle b) => a == b || a > b;
     public static bool operator <=(Angle a, Angle b) => a == b || a < b;
 
+    public static implicit operator Angle((float val, Type type) obj) => new(obj.val, obj.type);
+
     public enum Type
     {
         Degrees,
         Gradians,
+        Normalized,
         Radians,
     }
 }

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Calculus.cs

@@ -4,18 +4,10 @@ public static class Calculus
 {
     public const float DefaultStep = 0.001f;
 
-    public static Equation GetDerivative(Equation equ, float min, float max, float step = DefaultStep)
-    {
-        Dictionary<float, float> vals = new();
-        for (float x = min; x <= max; x += step)
-        {
-            float val1 = equ(x), val2 = equ(x + step), change = (val2 - val1) / step;
-            vals.Add(x, change);
-        }
-        return Mathf.MakeEquation(vals);
-    }
+    public static Equation GetDerivative(Equation equ, float step = DefaultStep) =>
+        x => GetDerivativeAtPoint(equ, x, step);
     public static float GetDerivativeAtPoint(Equation equ, float x, float step = DefaultStep) =>
-        (equ(x + DefaultStep) - equ(x)) / step;
+        (equ(x + step) - equ(x)) / step;
 
     public static float GetIntegral(Equation equ, float lowerBound, float upperBound, float step = DefaultStep)
     {
@@ -24,11 +16,41 @@ public static class Calculus
         return val;
     }
 
-    public static float GradientDescent(Equation equ, float initial, float rate, float stepCount = 1000,
+    public static Equation GetDynamicIntegral(Equation equ, Equation lowerBound, Equation upperBound,
+        float step = DefaultStep) => x => GetIntegral(equ, lowerBound(x), upperBound(x), step);
+
+    public static Equation GetTaylorSeries(Equation equ, float referenceX, int iterations = 4, float step = 0.01f)
+    {
+        Equation activeDerivative = equ;
+        float[] coefficients = new float[iterations];
+        int fact = 1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
+        {
+            coefficients[i] = activeDerivative(referenceX) / fact;
+            activeDerivative = GetDerivative(activeDerivative, step);
+            fact *= i + 1;
+        }
+
+        return delegate (float x)
+        {
+            float xVal = 1, result = 0;
+            for (int i = 0; i < coefficients.Length; i++)
+            {
+                result += coefficients[i] * xVal;
+                xVal *= x;
+            }
+            return result;
+        };
+    }
+
+    // Unfortunately, I cannot test this function, as I have literally no idea how it works and
+    // I can't find any tools online (and couldn't make my own) to compare my results.
+    // Something to know, though I didn't feel like it deserved its own [Obsolete] attribute.
+    public static float GradientDescent(Equation equ, float initial, float rate, int iterations = 1000,
         float step = DefaultStep)
     {
         float val = initial;
-        for (int i = 0; i < stepCount; i++) val -= GetDerivativeAtPoint(equ, val, step) * rate;
+        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) val -= GetDerivativeAtPoint(equ, val, step) * rate;
         return val;
     }
 }

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Equation2d.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics;
+
+public delegate Complex Equation2d(Complex input);

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Float2.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics;
 
-public struct Float2 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float2>, IEquatable<Float2>, IGroup<float>
+public record struct Float2 : IAbsolute<Float2>, IAverage<Float2>, ICeiling<Float2, Int2>,
+    IClamp<Float2>, IClampMagnitude<Float2, float>, IComparable<Float2>,
+    ICross<Float2, Float3>, IDivide<Float2>, IDot<Float2, float>, IEquatable<Float2>,
+    IFloor<Float2, Int2>, IFromTuple<Float2, (float x, float y)>, IGroup<float>,
+    ILerp<Float2, float>, IMathOperators<Float2>, IMax<Float2>, IMedian<Float2>, IMin<Float2>,
+    IIndexAll<float>, IIndexRangeAll<float>, IPresets2d<Float2>, IProduct<Float2>, IRound<Float2, Int2>,
+    ISplittable<Float2, (float[] Xs, float[] Ys)>, ISubtract<Float2>, ISum<Float2>
 {
     public static Float2 Down => new(0, -1);
     public static Float2 Left => new(-1, 0);
@@ -11,19 +17,18 @@ public struct Float2 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float2>, IEquatable<Float2>, IGro
     public static Float2 Zero => new(0, 0);
 
     public float Magnitude => Mathf.Sqrt(x * x + y * y);
-    public Float2 Normalized => this / Magnitude;
+    public Float2 Normalized => this * Mathf.InverseSqrt(x * x + y * y);
 
     public float x, y;
 
     public Float2(float all) : this(all, all) { }
+    public Float2(Fill<float> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1)) { }
+    public Float2(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1)) { }
     public Float2(float x, float y)
     {
         this.x = x;
         this.y = y;
     }
-    public Float2(Fill<float> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1)) { }
-    public Float2(Fill<int> fill) : this(fill(0), fill(1)) { }
-
     public float this[int index]
     {
         get => index switch
@@ -48,11 +53,33 @@ public struct Float2 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float2>, IEquatable<Float2>, IGro
             }
         }
     }
+    public float this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 2 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 2 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public float[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 2 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 2 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<float> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 2 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 2 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
 
     public static Float2 Absolute(Float2 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Absolute(val.x), Mathf.Absolute(val.y));
     public static Float2 Average(params Float2[] vals) => Sum(vals) / vals.Length;
-    public static Float2 Ceiling(Float2 val) =>
+    public static Int2 Ceiling(Float2 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.x), Mathf.Ceiling(val.y));
     public static Float2 Clamp(Float2 val, Float2 min, Float2 max) =>
         new(Mathf.Clamp(val.x, min.x, max.x),
@@ -70,81 +97,74 @@ public struct Float2 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float2>, IEquatable<Float2>, IGro
     }
     public static Float3 Cross(Float2 a, Float2 b, bool normalized = false) =>
         Float3.Cross(a, b, normalized);
-    public static Float2 Divide(Float2 num, params Float2[] vals)
-    {
-        foreach (Float2 d in vals) num /= d;
-        return num;
-    }
+    public static Float2 Divide(Float2 num, params Float2[] vals) => num / Product(vals);
     public static float Dot(Float2 a, Float2 b) => a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y;
     public static float Dot(params Float2[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return 0;
         float x = 1, y = 1;
-        foreach (Float2 d in vals)
+        foreach (Float2 f in vals)
         {
-            x *= d.x;
-            y *= d.y;
+            x *= f.x;
+            y *= f.y;
         }
         return x + y;
     }
-    public static Float2 Floor(Float2 val) =>
+    public static Int2 Floor(Float2 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Floor(val.x), Mathf.Floor(val.y));
     public static Float2 Lerp(Float2 a, Float2 b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
         new(Mathf.Lerp(a.x, b.x, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.y, b.y, t, clamp));
     public static Float2 Median(params Float2[] vals)
     {
-        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        float index = (vals.Length - 1) * 0.5f;
         Float2 valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
-        return Average(valA, valB);
+        return (valA + valB) * 0.5f;
     }
     public static Float2 Max(params Float2[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float2 val = vals[0];
-        foreach (Float2 d in vals) val = d > val ? d : val;
+        foreach (Float2 f in vals) val = f.Magnitude > val.Magnitude ? f : val;
         return val;
     }
     public static Float2 Min(params Float2[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float2 val = vals[0];
-        foreach (Float2 d in vals) val = d < val ? d : val;
+        foreach (Float2 f in vals) val = f.Magnitude < val.Magnitude ? f : val;
         return val;
     }
-    public static Float2 Multiply(params Float2[] vals)
+    public static Float2 Product(params Float2[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float2 val = One;
-        foreach (Float2 d in vals) val *= d;
+        foreach (Float2 f in vals) val *= f;
         return val;
     }
-    public static Float2 Subtract(Float2 num, params Float2[] vals)
-    {
-        foreach (Float2 d in vals) num -= d;
-        return num;
-    }
+    public static Int2 Round(Float2 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.RoundInt(val.x), Mathf.RoundInt(val.y));
+    public static Float2 Subtract(Float2 num, params Float2[] vals) => num - Sum(vals);
     public static Float2 Sum(params Float2[] vals)
     {
         Float2 val = Zero;
-        foreach (Float2 d in vals) val += d;
+        foreach (Float2 f in vals) val += f;
         return val;
     }
 
-    public int CompareTo(Float2 other) => Magnitude.CompareTo(other.Magnitude);
-    public override bool Equals([NotNullWhen(true)] object? obj)
+    public static (float[] Xs, float[] Ys) SplitArray(params Float2[] vals)
     {
-        if (obj == null || obj.GetType() != typeof(Float2)) return false;
-        return Equals((Float2)obj);
+        float[] Xs = new float[vals.Length], Ys = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Xs[i] = vals[i].x;
+            Ys[i] = vals[i].y;
+        }
+        return (Xs, Ys);
     }
-    public bool Equals(Float2 other) => x == other.x && y == other.y;
-    public override int GetHashCode() => x.GetHashCode() ^ y.GetHashCode();
-    public override string ToString() => ToString((string?)null);
-    public string ToString(string? provider) =>
-        "X: " + x.ToString(provider) + " Y: " + y.ToString(provider);
-    public string ToString(IFormatProvider provider) =>
-        "X: " + x.ToString(provider) + " Y: " + y.ToString(provider);
 
-    public object Clone() => new Float2(x, y);
+    public int CompareTo(Float2 other) => Magnitude.CompareTo(other.Magnitude);
+    public bool Equals(Float2 other) => x == other.x && y == other.y;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
 
     IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
     public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
@@ -154,28 +174,46 @@ public struct Float2 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float2>, IEquatable<Float2>, IGro
     }
 
     public float[] ToArray() => new[] { x, y };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill()
+    {
+        Float2 @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
     public List<float> ToList() => new() { x, y };
 
+    public Vector2d ToVector() => new(Mathf.ArcTan(y / x), Magnitude);
+
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("x = ");
+        builder.Append(x);
+        builder.Append(", y = ");
+        builder.Append(y);
+        return true;
+    }
+
     public static Float2 operator +(Float2 a, Float2 b) => new(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y);
     public static Float2 operator -(Float2 d) => new(-d.x, -d.y);
     public static Float2 operator -(Float2 a, Float2 b) => new(a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y);
     public static Float2 operator *(Float2 a, Float2 b) => new(a.x * b.x, a.y * b.y);
     public static Float2 operator *(Float2 a, float b) => new(a.x * b, a.y * b);
+    public static Float2 operator *(Float2 a, Matrix b) => (Float2)((Matrix)a * b);
+    public static Quaternion operator *(Float2 a, Quaternion b) => (Quaternion)a * b;
     public static Float2 operator /(Float2 a, Float2 b) => new(a.x / b.x, a.y / b.y);
     public static Float2 operator /(Float2 a, float b) => new(a.x / b, a.y / b);
-    public static bool operator ==(Float2 a, Float2 b) => a.Equals(b);
-    public static bool operator !=(Float2 a, Float2 b) => !a.Equals(b);
-    public static bool operator >(Float2 a, Float2 b) => a.CompareTo(b) > 0;
-    public static bool operator <(Float2 a, Float2 b) => a.CompareTo(b) < 0;
-    public static bool operator >=(Float2 a, Float2 b) => a == b || a > b;
-    public static bool operator <=(Float2 a, Float2 b) => a == b || a < b;
+    public static Float2 operator /(Float2 a, Matrix b) => (Float2)((Matrix)a / b);
 
+    public static implicit operator Float2(Complex val) => new(val.u, val.i);
+    public static explicit operator Float2(Quaternion val) => new(val.u, val.i);
     public static explicit operator Float2(Float3 val) => new(val.x, val.y);
     public static explicit operator Float2(Float4 val) => new(val.x, val.y);
     public static implicit operator Float2(Int2 val) => new(val.x, val.y);
     public static explicit operator Float2(Int3 val) => new(val.x, val.y);
     public static explicit operator Float2(Int4 val) => new(val.x, val.y);
+    public static explicit operator Float2(Matrix m) => new(m[0, 0], m[1, 0]);
+    public static explicit operator Float2(Vector2d val) => val.ToXYZ();
     public static explicit operator Float2(Vert val) => new(val.position.x, val.position.y);
     public static implicit operator Float2(Fill<float> fill) => new(fill);
     public static implicit operator Float2(Fill<int> fill) => new(fill);
+    public static implicit operator Float2((float x, float y) val) => new(val.x, val.y);
 }

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Float3.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,14 @@
-namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics;
+using System;
 
-public struct Float3 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float3>, IEquatable<Float3>, IGroup<float>
+namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics;
+
+public record struct Float3 : IAbsolute<Float3>, IAverage<Float3>,
+    ICeiling<Float3, Int3>, IClamp<Float3>, IClampMagnitude<Float3, float>, IComparable<Float3>,
+    ICross<Float3>, IDivide<Float3>, IDot<Float3, float>, IEquatable<Float3>,
+    IFloor<Float3, Int3>, IFromTuple<Float3, (float x, float y, float z)>, IGroup<float>,
+    IIndexAll<float>, IIndexRangeAll<float>, ILerp<Float3, float>, IMathOperators<Float3>, IMax<Float3>,
+    IMedian<Float3>, IMin<Float3>, IPresets3d<Float3>, IProduct<Float3>, IRound<Float3, Int3>,
+    ISplittable<Float3, (float[] Xs, float[] Ys, float[] Zs)>, ISubtract<Float3>, ISum<Float3>
 {
     public static Float3 Back => new(0, 0, -1);
     public static Float3 Down => new(0, -1, 0);
@@ -13,11 +21,35 @@ public struct Float3 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float3>, IEquatable<Float3>, IGro
     public static Float3 Zero => new(0, 0, 0);
 
     public float Magnitude => Mathf.Sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z);
-    public Float3 Normalized => this / Magnitude;
+    public Float3 Normalized => this * Mathf.InverseSqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z);
 
-    public Float2 XY => new(x, y);
-    public Float2 XZ => new(x, z);
-    public Float2 YZ => new(y, z);
+    public Float2 XY
+    {
+        get => (x, y);
+        set
+        {
+            x = value.x;
+            y = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 XZ
+    {
+        get => (x, z);
+        set
+        {
+            x = value.x;
+            z = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 YZ
+    {
+        get => (y, z);
+        set
+        {
+            y = value.x;
+            z = value.y;
+        }
+    }
 
     public float x, y, z;
 
@@ -61,11 +93,33 @@ public struct Float3 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float3>, IEquatable<Float3>, IGro
             }
         }
     }
+    public float this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 3 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 3 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public float[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 3 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 3 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<float> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 3 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 3 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
 
     public static Float3 Absolute(Float3 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Absolute(val.x), Mathf.Absolute(val.y), Mathf.Absolute(val.z));
     public static Float3 Average(params Float3[] vals) => Sum(vals) / vals.Length;
-    public static Float3 Ceiling(Float3 val) =>
+    public static Int3 Ceiling(Float3 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.x), Mathf.Ceiling(val.y), Mathf.Ceiling(val.z));
     public static Float3 Clamp(Float3 val, Float3 min, Float3 max) =>
         new(Mathf.Clamp(val.x, min.x, max.x),
@@ -89,11 +143,7 @@ public struct Float3 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float3>, IEquatable<Float3>, IGro
                           a.x * b.y - b.x * a.y);
         return normalized ? val.Normalized : val;
     }
-    public static Float3 Divide(Float3 num, params Float3[] vals)
-    {
-        foreach (Float3 d in vals) num /= d;
-        return num;
-    }
+    public static Float3 Divide(Float3 num, params Float3[] vals) => num / Product(vals);
     public static float Dot(Float3 a, Float3 b) => a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y + a.z * b.z;
     public static float Dot(params Float3[] vals)
     {
@@ -107,42 +157,40 @@ public struct Float3 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float3>, IEquatable<Float3>, IGro
         }
         return x + y + z;
     }
-    public static Float3 Floor(Float3 val) =>
+    public static Int3 Floor(Float3 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Floor(val.x), Mathf.Floor(val.y), Mathf.Floor(val.z));
     public static Float3 Lerp(Float3 a, Float3 b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
         new(Mathf.Lerp(a.x, b.x, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.y, b.y, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.z, b.z, t, clamp));
     public static Float3 Median(params Float3[] vals)
     {
-        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        float index = (vals.Length - 1) * 0.5f;
         Float3 valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
-        return Average(valA, valB);
+        return (valA + valB) * 0.5f;
     }
     public static Float3 Max(params Float3[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float3 val = vals[0];
-        foreach (Float3 d in vals) val = d > val ? d : val;
+        foreach (Float3 d in vals) val = d.Magnitude > val.Magnitude ? d : val;
         return val;
     }
     public static Float3 Min(params Float3[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float3 val = vals[0];
-        foreach (Float3 d in vals) val = d < val ? d : val;
+        foreach (Float3 d in vals) val = d.Magnitude < val.Magnitude ? d : val;
         return val;
     }
-    public static Float3 Multiply(params Float3[] vals)
+    public static Float3 Product(params Float3[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float3 val = One;
         foreach (Float3 d in vals) val *= d;
         return val;
     }
-    public static Float3 Subtract(Float3 num, params Float3[] vals)
-    {
-        foreach (Float3 d in vals) num -= d;
-        return num;
-    }
+    public static Int3 Round(Float3 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.RoundInt(val.x), Mathf.RoundInt(val.y), Mathf.RoundInt(val.z));
+    public static Float3 Subtract(Float3 num, params Float3[] vals) => num - Sum(vals);
     public static Float3 Sum(params Float3[] vals)
     {
         Float3 val = Zero;
@@ -150,21 +198,21 @@ public struct Float3 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float3>, IEquatable<Float3>, IGro
         return val;
     }
 
-    public int CompareTo(Float3 other) => Magnitude.CompareTo(other.Magnitude);
-    public override bool Equals([NotNullWhen(true)] object? obj)
+    public static (float[] Xs, float[] Ys, float[] Zs) SplitArray(params Float3[] vals)
     {
-        if (obj == null || obj.GetType() != typeof(Float3)) return false;
-        return Equals((Float3)obj);
+        float[] Xs = new float[vals.Length], Ys = new float[vals.Length], Zs = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Xs[i] = vals[i].x;
+            Ys[i] = vals[i].y;
+            Zs[i] = vals[i].z;
+        }
+        return (Xs, Ys, Zs);
     }
-    public bool Equals(Float3 other) => x == other.x && y == other.y && z == other.z;
-    public override int GetHashCode() => x.GetHashCode() ^ y.GetHashCode() ^ z.GetHashCode();
-    public override string ToString() => ToString((string?)null);
-    public string ToString(string? provider) =>
-        "X: " + x.ToString(provider) + " Y: " + y.ToString(provider) + " Z: " + z.ToString(provider);
-    public string ToString(IFormatProvider provider) =>
-        "X: " + x.ToString(provider) + " Y: " + y.ToString(provider) + " Z: " + z.ToString(provider);
 
-    public object Clone() => new Float3(x, y, z);
+    public int CompareTo(Float3 other) => Magnitude.CompareTo(other.Magnitude);
+    public bool Equals(Float3 other) => x == other.x && y == other.y && z == other.z;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
 
     IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
     public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
@@ -175,28 +223,60 @@ public struct Float3 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float3>, IEquatable<Float3>, IGro
     }
 
     public float[] ToArray() => new[] { x, y, z };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill()
+    {
+        Float3 @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
     public List<float> ToList() => new() { x, y, z };
 
+    public Vector3d ToVector()
+    {
+        float mag = Magnitude;
+        Float3 normalized = Normalized;
+        Angle yaw = Mathf.ArcCos(normalized.y);
+        Angle pitch = Mathf.ArcSin(normalized.x / Mathf.Sin(yaw));
+        return new(yaw, pitch, mag);
+    }
+
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("x = ");
+        builder.Append(x);
+        builder.Append(", y = ");
+        builder.Append(y);
+        builder.Append(", z = ");
+        builder.Append(z);
+        return true;
+    }
+
     public static Float3 operator +(Float3 a, Float3 b) => new(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y, a.z + b.z);
     public static Float3 operator -(Float3 d) => new(-d.x, -d.y, -d.z);
     public static Float3 operator -(Float3 a, Float3 b) => new(a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y, a.z - b.z);
     public static Float3 operator *(Float3 a, Float3 b) => new(a.x * b.x, a.y * b.y, a.z * b.z);
     public static Float3 operator *(Float3 a, float b) => new(a.x * b, a.y * b, a.z * b);
+    public static Float3 operator *(Float3 a, Matrix b) => (Float3)((Matrix)a * b);
+    public static Quaternion operator *(Float3 a, Quaternion b) => (Quaternion)a * b;
     public static Float3 operator /(Float3 a, Float3 b) => new(a.x / b.x, a.y / b.y, a.z / b.z);
     public static Float3 operator /(Float3 a, float b) => new(a.x / b, a.y / b, a.z / b);
-    public static bool operator ==(Float3 a, Float3 b) => a.Equals(b);
-    public static bool operator !=(Float3 a, Float3 b) => !a.Equals(b);
-    public static bool operator >(Float3 a, Float3 b) => a.CompareTo(b) > 0;
-    public static bool operator <(Float3 a, Float3 b) => a.CompareTo(b) < 0;
-    public static bool operator >=(Float3 a, Float3 b) => a == b || a > b;
-    public static bool operator <=(Float3 a, Float3 b) => a == b || a < b;
+    public static Float3 operator /(Float3 a, Matrix b) => (Float3)((Matrix)a / b);
 
+    public static implicit operator Float3(Complex val) => new(val.u, val.i, 0);
+    public static explicit operator Float3(Quaternion val) => new(val.u, val.i, val.j);
     public static implicit operator Float3(Float2 val) => new(val.x, val.y, 0);
     public static explicit operator Float3(Float4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z);
     public static implicit operator Float3(Int2 val) => new(val.x, val.y, 0);
     public static implicit operator Float3(Int3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z);
     public static explicit operator Float3(Int4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z);
+    public static explicit operator Float3(Matrix m) => new(m[0, 0], m[1, 0], m[2, 0]);
+    public static explicit operator Float3(Vector2d val) => val.ToXYZ();
     public static implicit operator Float3(Vert val) => new(val.position.x, val.position.y, val.position.z);
+    public static explicit operator Float3(RGBA val) => new(val.R, val.G, val.B);
+    public static explicit operator Float3(HSVA val) => new(val.H.Normalized, val.S, val.V);
+    public static explicit operator Float3(RGBAByte val) => (Float3)val.ToRGBA();
+    public static explicit operator Float3(HSVAByte val) => (Float3)val.ToHSVA();
     public static implicit operator Float3(Fill<float> fill) => new(fill);
     public static implicit operator Float3(Fill<int> fill) => new(fill);
+    public static implicit operator Float3((float x, float y, float z) val) =>
+        new(val.x, val.y, val.z);
 }

Nerd_STF/Mathematics/Float4.cs

@@ -1,13 +1,20 @@
 namespace Nerd_STF.Mathematics;
 
-public struct Float4 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float4>, IEquatable<Float4>, IGroup<float>
+public record struct Float4 : IAbsolute<Float4>,
+    IAverage<Float4>, ICeiling<Float4, Int4>, IClamp<Float4>, IClampMagnitude<Float4, float>,
+    IComparable<Float4>, IDivide<Float4>, IDot<Float4, float>, IEquatable<Float4>,
+    IFloor<Float4, Int4>, IFromTuple<Float4, (float x, float y, float z, float w)>,
+    IGroup<float>, IIndexAll<float>, IIndexRangeAll<float>, ILerp<Float4, float>, IMathOperators<Float4>,
+    IMax<Float4>, IMedian<Float4>, IMin<Float4>, IPresets4d<Float4>, IProduct<Float4>, IRound<Float4, Int4>,
+    ISplittable<Float4, (float[] Xs, float[] Ys, float[] Zs, float[] Ws)>, ISubtract<Float4>,
+    ISum<Float4>
 {
     public static Float4 Back => new(0, 0, -1, 0);
-    public static Float4 Deep => new(0, 0, 0, -1);
     public static Float4 Down => new(0, -1, 0, 0);
-    public static Float4 Far => new(0, 0, 0, 1);
     public static Float4 Forward => new(0, 0, 1, 0);
+    public static Float4 HighW => new(0, 0, 0, 1);
     public static Float4 Left => new(-1, 0, 0, 0);
+    public static Float4 LowW => new(0, 0, 0, -1);
     public static Float4 Right => new(1, 0, 0, 0);
     public static Float4 Up => new(0, 1, 0, 0);
 
@@ -15,19 +22,103 @@ public struct Float4 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float4>, IEquatable<Float4>, IGro
     public static Float4 Zero => new(0, 0, 0, 0);
 
     public float Magnitude => Mathf.Sqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z + w * w);
-    public Float4 Normalized => this / Magnitude;
+    public Float4 Normalized => this * Mathf.InverseSqrt(x * x + y * y + z * z + w * w);
 
-    public Float2 XY => new(x, y);
-    public Float2 XZ => new(x, z);
-    public Float2 XW => new(x, w);
-    public Float2 YW => new(y, w);
-    public Float2 YZ => new(y, z);
-    public Float2 ZW => new(z, w);
+    public Float2 XW
+    {
+        get => (x, w);
+        set
+        {
+            x = value.x;
+            w = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 XY
+    {
+        get => (x, y);
+        set
+        {
+            x = value.x;
+            y = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 XZ
+    {
+        get => (x, z);
+        set
+        {
+            x = value.x;
+            z = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 YW
+    {
+        get => (y, w);
+        set
+        {
+            y = value.x;
+            w = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 YZ
+    {
+        get => (y, z);
+        set
+        {
+            y = value.x;
+            z = value.y;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float2 ZW
+    {
+        get => (z, w);
+        set
+        {
+            z = value.x;
+            w = value.y;
+        }
+    }
 
-    public Float3 XYW => new(x, y, w);
-    public Float3 XYZ => new(x, y, z);
-    public Float3 YZW => new(y, z, w);
-    public Float3 XZW => new(x, z, w);
+    public Float3 XYW
+    {
+        get => (x, y, w);
+        set
+        {
+            x = value.x;
+            y = value.y;
+            w = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float3 XYZ
+    {
+        get => (x, y, z);
+        set
+        {
+            x = value.x;
+            y = value.y;
+            z = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float3 XZW
+    {
+        get => (x, z, w);
+        set
+        {
+            x = value.x;
+            z = value.y;
+            w = value.z;
+        }
+    }
+    public Float3 YZW
+    {
+        get => (y, z, w);
+        set
+        {
+            y = value.x;
+            z = value.y;
+            w = value.z;
+        }
+    }
 
     public float x, y, z, w;
 
@@ -78,11 +169,33 @@ public struct Float4 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float4>, IEquatable<Float4>, IGro
             }
         }
     }
+    public float this[Index index]
+    {
+        get => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value];
+        set => this[index.IsFromEnd ? 4 - index.Value : index.Value] = value;
+    }
+    public float[] this[Range range]
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            List<float> res = new();
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) res.Add(this[i]);
+            return res.ToArray();
+        }
+        set
+        {
+            int start = range.Start.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.Start.Value : range.Start.Value;
+            int end = range.End.IsFromEnd ? 4 - range.End.Value : range.End.Value;
+            for (int i = start; i < end; i++) this[i] = value[i];
+        }
+    }
 
     public static Float4 Absolute(Float4 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Absolute(val.x), Mathf.Absolute(val.y), Mathf.Absolute(val.z), Mathf.Absolute(val.w));
     public static Float4 Average(params Float4[] vals) => Sum(vals) / vals.Length;
-    public static Float4 Ceiling(Float4 val) =>
+    public static Int4 Ceiling(Float4 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Ceiling(val.x), Mathf.Ceiling(val.y), Mathf.Ceiling(val.z), Mathf.Ceiling(val.w));
     public static Float4 Clamp(Float4 val, Float4 min, Float4 max) =>
         new(Mathf.Clamp(val.x, min.x, max.x),
@@ -100,11 +213,7 @@ public struct Float4 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float4>, IEquatable<Float4>, IGro
         else if (mag > maxMag) val *= maxMag;
         return val;
     }
-    public static Float4 Divide(Float4 num, params Float4[] vals)
-    {
-        foreach (Float4 d in vals) num /= d;
-        return num;
-    }
+    public static Float4 Divide(Float4 num, params Float4[] vals) => num / Product(vals);
     public static float Dot(Float4 a, Float4 b) => a.x * b.x + a.y * b.y + a.z * b.z + a.w * b.w;
     public static float Dot(params Float4[] vals)
     {
@@ -119,43 +228,42 @@ public struct Float4 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float4>, IEquatable<Float4>, IGro
         }
         return x + y + z;
     }
-    public static Float4 Floor(Float4 val) =>
+    public static Int4 Floor(Float4 val) =>
         new(Mathf.Floor(val.x), Mathf.Floor(val.y), Mathf.Floor(val.z), Mathf.Floor(val.w));
     public static Float4 Lerp(Float4 a, Float4 b, float t, bool clamp = true) =>
         new(Mathf.Lerp(a.x, b.x, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.y, b.y, t, clamp), Mathf.Lerp(a.z, b.z, t, clamp),
             Mathf.Lerp(a.w, b.w, t, clamp));
     public static Float4 Median(params Float4[] vals)
     {
-        float index = Mathf.Average(0, vals.Length - 1);
+        float index = (vals.Length - 1) * 0.5f;
         Float4 valA = vals[Mathf.Floor(index)], valB = vals[Mathf.Ceiling(index)];
-        return Average(valA, valB);
+        return (valA + valB) * 0.5f;
     }
     public static Float4 Max(params Float4[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float4 val = vals[0];
-        foreach (Float4 d in vals) val = d > val ? d : val;
+        foreach (Float4 d in vals) val = d.Magnitude > val.Magnitude ? d : val;
         return val;
     }
     public static Float4 Min(params Float4[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float4 val = vals[0];
-        foreach (Float4 d in vals) val = d < val ? d : val;
+        foreach (Float4 d in vals) val = d.Magnitude < val.Magnitude ? d : val;
         return val;
     }
-    public static Float4 Multiply(params Float4[] vals)
+    public static Int4 Round(Float4 val) =>
+        new(Mathf.RoundInt(val.x), Mathf.RoundInt(val.y), Mathf.RoundInt(val.z),
+            Mathf.RoundInt(val.w));
+    public static Float4 Product(params Float4[] vals)
     {
         if (vals.Length < 1) return Zero;
         Float4 val = One;
         foreach (Float4 d in vals) val *= d;
         return val;
     }
-    public static Float4 Subtract(Float4 num, params Float4[] vals)
-    {
-        foreach (Float4 d in vals) num -= d;
-        return num;
-    }
+    public static Float4 Subtract(Float4 num, params Float4[] vals) => num - Sum(vals);
     public static Float4 Sum(params Float4[] vals)
     {
         Float4 val = Zero;
@@ -163,23 +271,23 @@ public struct Float4 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float4>, IEquatable<Float4>, IGro
         return val;
     }
 
-    public int CompareTo(Float4 other) => Magnitude.CompareTo(other.Magnitude);
-    public override bool Equals([NotNullWhen(true)] object? obj)
+    public static (float[] Xs, float[] Ys, float[] Zs, float[] Ws) SplitArray(params Float4[] vals)
     {
-        if (obj == null || obj.GetType() != typeof(Float4)) return false;
-        return Equals((Float4)obj);
+        float[] Xs = new float[vals.Length], Ys = new float[vals.Length], Zs = new float[vals.Length],
+                Ws = new float[vals.Length];
+        for (int i = 0; i < vals.Length; i++)
+        {
+            Xs[i] = vals[i].x;
+            Ys[i] = vals[i].y;
+            Zs[i] = vals[i].z;
+            Ws[i] = vals[i].w;
+        }
+        return (Xs, Ys, Zs, Ws);
     }
-    public bool Equals(Float4 other) => x == other.x && y == other.y && z == other.z && w == other.w;
-    public override int GetHashCode() => x.GetHashCode() ^ y.GetHashCode() ^ z.GetHashCode() ^ w.GetHashCode();
-    public override string ToString() => ToString((string?)null);
-    public string ToString(string? provider) =>
-        "X: " + x.ToString(provider) + " Y: " + y.ToString(provider) + " Z: " + z.ToString(provider)
-        + " W: " + w.ToString(provider);
-    public string ToString(IFormatProvider provider) =>
-        "X: " + x.ToString(provider) + " Y: " + y.ToString(provider) + " Z: " + z.ToString(provider)
-        + " W: " + w.ToString(provider);
 
-    public object Clone() => new Float4(x, y, z, w);
+    public int CompareTo(Float4 other) => Magnitude.CompareTo(other.Magnitude);
+    public bool Equals(Float4 other) => x == other.x && y == other.y && z == other.z && w == other.w;
+    public override int GetHashCode() => base.GetHashCode();
 
     IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() => GetEnumerator();
     public IEnumerator<float> GetEnumerator()
@@ -191,28 +299,54 @@ public struct Float4 : ICloneable, IComparable<Float4>, IEquatable<Float4>, IGro
     }
 
     public float[] ToArray() => new[] { x, y, z, w };
+    public Fill<float> ToFill()
+    {
+        Float4 @this = this;
+        return i => @this[i];
+    }
     public List<float> ToList() => new() { x, y, z, w };
 
+    private bool PrintMembers(StringBuilder builder)
+    {
+        builder.Append("x = ");
+        builder.Append(x);
+        builder.Append(", y = ");
+        builder.Append(y);
+        builder.Append(", z = ");
+        builder.Append(z);
+        builder.Append(", w = ");
+        builder.Append(w);
+        return true;
+    }
+
     public static Float4 operator +(Float4 a, Float4 b) => new(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y, a.z + b.z, a.w + b.w);
     public static Float4 operator -(Float4 d) => new(-d.x, -d.y, -d.z, -d.w);
     public static Float4 operator -(Float4 a, Float4 b) => new(a.x - b.x, a.y - b.y, a.z - b.z, a.w - b.w);
     public static Float4 operator *(Float4 a, Float4 b) => new(a.x * b.x, a.y * b.y, a.z * b.z, a.w * b.w);
     public static Float4 operator *(Float4 a, float b) => new(a.x * b, a.y * b, a.z * b, a.w * b);
+    public static Float4 operator *(Float4 a, Matrix b) => (Float4)((Matrix)a * b);
     public static Float4 operator /(Float4 a, Float4 b) => new(a.x / b.x, a.y / b.y, a.z / b.z, a.w / b.w);
     public static Float4 operator /(Float4 a, float b) => new(a.x / b, a.y / b, a.z / b, a.w / b);
-    public static bool operator ==(Float4 a, Float4 b) => a.Equals(b);
-    public static bool operator !=(Float4 a, Float4 b) => !a.Equals(b);
-    public static bool operator >(Float4 a, Float4 b) => a.CompareTo(b) > 0;
-    public static bool operator <(Float4 a, Float4 b) => a.CompareTo(b) < 0;
-    public static bool operator >=(Float4 a, Float4 b) => a == b || a > b;
-    public static bool operator <=(Float4 a, Float4 b) => a == b || a < b;
+    public static Float4 operator /(Float4 a, Matrix b) => (Float4)((Matrix)a / b);
 
+    public static implicit operator Float4(Complex val) => new(val.u, val.i, 0, 0);
+    public static implicit operator Float4(Quaternion val) => new(val.u, val.i, val.j, val.k);
     public static implicit operator Float4(Float2 val) => new(val.x, val.y, 0, 0);
     public static implicit operator Float4(Float3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, 0);
     public static implicit operator Float4(Int2 val) => new(val.x, val.y, 0, 0);
     public static implicit operator Float4(Int3 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, 0);
     public static implicit operator Float4(Int4 val) => new(val.x, val.y, val.z, val.w);
+    public static explicit operator Float4(Matrix m) => new(m[0, 0], m[1, 0], m[2, 0], m[3, 0]);
+    public static explicit operator Float4(Vector2d val) => val.ToXYZ();
     public static implicit operator Float4(Vert val) => new(val.position.x, val.position.y, val.position.z, 0);
+    public static implicit operator Float4(RGBA val) => new(val.R, val.G, val.B, val.A);
+    public static explicit operator Float4(CMYKA val) => new(val.C, val.M, val.Y, val.K);
+    public static explicit operator Float4(HSVA val) => new(val.H.Normalized, val.S, val.V, val.A);
+    public static implicit operator Float4(RGBAByte val) => val.ToRGBA();
+    public static explicit operator Float4(CMYKAByte val) => (Float4)val.ToCMYKA();
+    public static implicit operator Float4(HSVAByte val) => (Float4)val.ToHSVA();
     public static implicit operator Float4(Fill<float> fill) => new(fill);
     public static implicit operator Float4(Fill<int> fill) => new(fill);
+    public static implicit operator Float4((float x, float y, float z, float w) vals) =>
+        new(vals.x, vals.y, vals.z, vals.w);
 }